单 位：
江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室
关键词：
金针菜;栽培方式;产量;品质;氮素吸收利用
摘 要：
以金针菜中晚熟品种大乌嘴为材料,设置露天、地膜覆盖(1膜)、地膜+大棚膜(2膜)、地膜+大棚膜+拱棚膜(3膜)和日光温室共5种栽培方式,研究不同栽培方式对金针菜产量、品质形成和氮素累积分配的影响。结果表明,与露天栽培相比,1膜、2膜、3膜和温室处理增加了金针菜生长环境的空气温度、空气湿度和地温(增加效果表现为3膜>温室>2膜>1膜),分别诱导金针菜提早现蕾4～5 d、15～16 d、22～25 d和19～22 d。种植模式通过调控金针菜氮累积量的动态变化而影响产量。1膜处理下金针菜产量较低,现蕾较迟,氮累积动态特征值与露天处理差异较小。3膜处理下金针菜现蕾最早,但是产量和品质性状均较差,氮素快速累积的起始时间和终止时间最早,快速累积持续时间最短,干物质和氮在生殖器官中的分配比例较低,最终产量、氮肥偏生产力和氮素利用效率均较低。2膜和温室栽培处理下金针菜现蕾较早,产量较高,品质较优,干物质和氮素在生殖器官中的分配比例较高,氮累积量动态特征参数比较协调,氮肥偏生产力和氮素利用效率较高,为最优种植模式。
译 名：
Effects of cultivation patterns on yield,quality,nitrogen uptake and utilization of daylily(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni)
作 者：
ZHANG Guo-wei;WANG Xiao-jing;ZHOU Ling-ling;LIU Rui-xian;YANG Chang-qin;Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture;Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
单 位：
ZHANG Guo-wei%WANG Xiao-jing%ZHOU Ling-ling%LIU Rui-xian%YANG Chang-qin%Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture%Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
关键词：
daylily(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni);;cultivation pattern;;yield;;quality;;nitrogen uptake and utilization
摘 要：
Using daylily cultivar Dawuzui as material,five cultivation patterns( L: open field cultivation; 1 M: plastic film mulching; 2 M: mulch film+ greenhouse film; 3 M: mulch film+greenhouse film+arch shed film; W: solar greenhouse)were set to study the effect of cultivation patterns on daylily( Hemerocallis citrina Baroni) yield,quality and nitrogen uptake and utilization. The results showed that,compared to open field cultivation,treatments of 1 M,2 M,3 M and W increased the air temperature,air humidity and ground temperature in the growth environment of daylily( the increase effect was 3 M>W>2 M>1 M),thus promoted earlier budding 4-5 d,15-16 d,22-25 d and 19-22 d,respectively. Cultivation patterns could affect the yield by regulating the dynamic changes of the nitrogen accumulation amount of daylily plant. Compared to open field cultivation,1 M treatment induced lower production,later budding,less difference of dynamic characteristics of the nitrogen accumulation amount. 3 M treatment caused the earliest budding and beginning and ending time of rapid nitrogen accumulation,poorer yield and quality traits,the shortest duration of rapid accumulation,lower distribution proportion of dry matter and nitrogen in reproductive organs,thus induced lower yield,nitrogen partial factor productivity and production efficiency. 2 M and W treatments induced earlier budding,higher yield,excellent quality,higher distribution proportion of nitrogen and biomass in reproductive organs,more optimized characteristics of the nitrogen accumulation,higher nitrogen partial factor productivity and production efficiency.These results suggested that the 2 M and W treatments were the most optimal cultivation pattern.
