作 者：
李学丽;王际英;宋志东;李宝山;谭青;孙永智;张利民
单 位：
上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室
关键词：
珍珠龙胆石斑鱼;豆粕;酶解豆粕;鱼粉替代;生长;体组成;消化酶;代谢酶
摘 要：
以珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼为研究对象,探讨豆粕和酶解豆粕替代鱼粉对其生长、体组成、消化和代谢酶活力的影响。用豆粕替代基础饲料中0、20%、40%、60%和80%的鱼粉,酶解豆粕替代60%的鱼粉,配制6种等氮等能的饲料(SM0、SM20、SM40、SM60、SM80、HSM60)。选取初始体质量为(47.18±0.45)g的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。试验期8周。结果显示:(1)同对照组相比,豆粕替代20%和40%鱼粉对幼鱼的生长和饲料利用无显著影响,SM60和SM80组幼鱼增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(S_(GR))、蛋白质效率(P_(ER))和摄食率(D_(FI))较SM0组显著降低(P<0.05),饲料系数(F_(CR))显著升高(P<0.05)。(2)全鱼粗蛋白含量随豆粕替代量的增加而降低,SM0组显著高于各替代组(P<0.05),SM40-80组全鱼粗灰分含量显著降低(P<0.05),SM80组肌肉水分含量显著升高(P<0.05),粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),各豆粕替代组多种氨基酸的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)SM60和SM80组胃蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力显著降低(P<0.05),各豆粕替代组胰蛋白酶活力显著低于SM0组(P<0.05)。(4)肝脏谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活力在SM40-80组显著降低(P<0.05),SM20和SM40组葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6P)活力显著升高(P<0.05)。(5)与SM60组相比,HSM60组幼鱼WGR、SGR和DFI显著升高(P<0.05),FCR显著降低(P<0.05),全鱼和肌肉粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),粗灰分含量显著升高(P<0.05),胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力显著升高(P<0.05),脂肪酶活力显著降低(P<0.05),AST和ALT活力显著升高(P<0.05),FAS活力显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,豆粕可替代40%的鱼粉而不影响珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼的生长,更高的替代量会对幼鱼的生长造成不利影响,在相同的替代水平,幼鱼对酶解豆粕的利用率更高。
译 名：
Research on partial replacement of fishmeal by two kinds of soybean meal in the feed of juvenile♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ×♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus
作 者：
LI Xueli;WANG Jiying;SONG Zhidong;LI Baoshan;TAN Qing;SUN Yongzhi;ZHANG Limin;Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Key Laboratory for Shandong Marine Ecological Restoration;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University;
关键词：
♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus;;soybean meal;;hydrolyzed soybean meal;;fishmeal replacement;;growth;;body composition;;digestive enzymes;;metabolic enzymes
摘 要：
An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fishmeal replacement by soybean meal( SM) and hydrolyzed soybean meal( HSM) on growth performance,body composition,digestion and metabolism of juvenile hybrid grouper( ♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus). Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing 0,20%,40%,60%,80% of fishmeal protein with soybean meal( SM0 to SM80) and 60% of fishmeal protein with hydrolyzed soybean meal( HSM60) respectively. A total of 540 juveniles( 47. 18 ± 0. 45 g) were randomly assigned into6 groups with 3 replicates of 30 fish. Results showed as follows:( 1) There was no significant influence on growth performance and feed utilization of juveniles in SM20 and SM40 group and the weight gain rate( W_(GR)),specific growth rate( S_(GR)),protein efficiency ratio( P_(ER)) and daily feed intake( D_(FI)) of the juveniles were significantly decreased in SM60 and SM80 group( P < 0. 05).( 2) With the increasing of dietary soybean meal content,the crude protein content in whole body decreased and the values of groups SM20-80 were significantly lower than that of the control group( P < 0. 05),and the crude ash content in whole body was significantly lower in group SM40-80,and the moisture content in muscle significantly increased while crude protein and crude lipid content significantly decreased in group SM80( P < 0. 05).Dietary inclusion of SM( SM20 to SM80) significantly reduced several amino acid contents of muscle such as Met,Leu and Lys and so on( P < 0. 05).( 3) Dietary inclusion of SM( SM20 to SM80) significantly reduced intestinal trypsin activity( P < 0. 05),and pepsin and intestinal amylase activities decreased significantly in SM60 and SM80 groups( P < 0. 05).( 4) The activities of alanine transaminase( ALT) and aspartate transaminase( AST) decreased with the increasing of dietary soybean meal content and were significantly lower in groups SM40-80( P < 0. 05),and the activity of Glucose-6-phosphatase( G6PC) was significantly higher in SM20 and SM40 groups.( 5) Compared with SM60 group,the WGR,SGRand DFIof juveniles in HSM60 group were significantly increased and FCRwas significantly decreased,and the crude lipid content of whole body and muscle decreased significantly while crude ash content increased significantly.The activities of pepsin,trypsin and amylase were significantly increased( P < 0. 05),and the activities of AST and ALT were significantly increased and the activity of FAS was significantly decreased( P < 0. 05). In conclusion,soybean meal can replace 40% of the fish meal and higher replacement level will lower the growth of juveniles and hydrolyzed soybean meal can replace 60% of the fish meal without reducing the growth of juveniles.
