作 者：
马效松;付强;徐淑琴;李天霄;侯仁杰;于鑫彤
关键词：
北方寒区;生物炭;土壤导热率;土壤体积热容量;土壤热扩散率
摘 要：
为揭示生物炭对土壤热特性参数的影响规律,以施加不同生物炭的北方寒区农田土壤为研究对象,设置土壤含水率水平分别为0%、8%、16%、24%、32%、40%,利用ISOMET2114型热性能分析仪,测定土壤在15~-15℃温度范围内导热率、热扩散率和体积热容量的变异特征,探究生物炭调控作用下土壤热特性参数对水热环境的响应机理.研究结果表明:在冻结与非冻结状态下,随土壤含水率增加,土壤导热率、体积热容量和热扩散率均表现出增大趋势,在3℃条件下,生物炭含量为0 t/hm~2、含水率为24%和32%时,土壤导热率相对于含水率为16%时分别增加0.141 4、0.580 5 W/(m·K).随生物炭含量增加,土壤导热率和热扩散率呈降低趋势,体积热容量在非冻结情况下呈降低趋势,在冻结情况下则呈增大趋势,在-3℃条件下,含水率为32%、生物炭含量为4 t/hm~2和6 t/hm~2时,土壤体积热容量相对于0 t/hm~2水平分别增加0.16、0.20 J/(cm~3·K).土壤导热率与含水率呈对数函数关系,土壤体积热容量与含水率呈线性函数关系,土壤热扩散率与含水率呈二次函数关系.本研究结果可为准确描述北方寒区农田土壤热性能和生物炭改良土壤技术提供理论依据.
作 者：
ZHUO Zhiqing;LI Yong;XING An;CAO Meng;HUANG Yuanfang;ZHAO Yunze;College of Resources and Environment Sciences,China Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality,Ministry of Natural Resources;
关键词：
dry farming region;;ecological stoichiometry;;redundancy analysis;;plough horizon
摘 要：
The eco-stoichiometry of soil nutrients has been successfully used in indicating soil quality and revealing the circulation and balance mechanism,and the information about eco-stoichiometry of soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus can help to conduct soil nutrient management. However,the soil stoichiometry characteristics in dry farming region are poorly documented. To explore the spatial distributions of soil organic carbon( SOC),total nitrogen( TN),total phosphorus( TP) and ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil C,N and P in dry farming region of Northeast China,totally 132 topsoil samples( 0 ～ 20 cm) were collected in 2017,and SOC,TN,TP and other properties were analyzed in all samples. The spatial variability of eco-stoichiometry of soil C,N and P and its influencing factors were analyzed by geostatistics and redundant analysis. The results showed that the mean content of SOC,TN and TP in the study area was 16. 79 g/kg,1. 43 g/kg and 0. 77 g/kg,respectively; and soil C/N,C/P,N/P ratios were 11. 45,22. 82 and 2. 03,respectively. Correlation analysis of soil C,N and P showed that significant correlations were existed among C,N,and P( P < 0. 05). Soil C/N,C/P,N/P ratios were lower than their average value on a national scale. The distribution of soil SOC,TN and TP were increasing from southwest to northeast,with the high value areas mainly distributed in the northern part of the dry farming region of Heilongjiang Province,and the low value areas were in the dry farming region of Jilin and Liaoning Provinces. The high value areas of soil C/N and C/P were mainly distributed in the dry farming region of Heilongjiang Province,the low value region was located in the dry farming area of Jilin and Liaoning Provinces,and the spatial variation of N/P was small in the study area. The eco-stoichiometric characteristics of soil C,N and P in the study area were affected by tillage and fertilization,environmental factors and soil properties. Intensity of chemical fertilizers application and land use was an important human factor affecting the eco-stoichiometric of soil C,N and P. RDA indicated that soil bulk density and water content were the main soil physical and chemical factors affecting the eco-stoichiometric characteristics of soil C,N and P in dry farming region of Northeast China.
