作 者：
刘亚楠;王宝维;葛文华;张名爱;谢玉娥;孔敏;孙京新
单 位：
青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院;国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室
关键词：
鸭油甘油二酯;维生素D3;结肠炎;大鼠;结肠菌群;肠道发育;PPARγ
摘 要：
本试验旨在研究不同水平的鸭油甘油二酯和维生素D_3对结肠炎大鼠结肠菌群、脾脏过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ) mRNA表达量及结肠组织发育的影响。选择100只大鼠,随机分为模型组和对照组,对照组每组4个重复,模型组每组16个重复,每个重复均5只大鼠;对照组大鼠自由饮用蒸馏水,模型组大鼠自由饮用5%葡聚糖硫酸钠水溶液,进行连续7 d的造模试验。造模成功后,选取10只正常大鼠作为对照组(Ⅰ组),另选择建模成功的大鼠70只,随机分成7个组,分别为模型组(Ⅱ组)和试验组(Ⅲ～Ⅷ组);每组均2个重复,每个重复5只。采用2×3两因素交叉析因试验设计,鸭油甘油二酯添加水平分别为2.5、5.0、10.0 mL/kg,维生素D_3添加水平分别为12.5、25.0μg/kg。试验期为3周。结果表明:1)鸭油甘油二酯与维生素D_3交互作用对Ace指数、Chao1指数影响显著(P<0.05),与模型组相比,试验组操作分类单元(OTUs)数量、Ace指数、Chao1指数均显著增加(P<0.05),其中5.0 mL/kg鸭油甘油二酯和12.5μg/kg维生素D_3组的OTUs数量、Ace指数、Chao1指数最高,微生物的物种丰度高于其他5个试验组。2)主成分分析图显示,5 mL/kg鸭油甘油二酯和12.5μg/kg维生素D_3组与对照组距离最近,微生物相似性最高。3)与模型组相比,试验组的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)、志贺氏菌属(Shigella)、普拉氏菌属(Prevotella)和支原体菌属(Allobaculum)比例显著降低(P<0.05),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)比例显著增加(P<0.05),梭状芽孢杆菌纲(Clostridia)比例无显著变化(P>0.05)。4)鸭油甘油二酯和维生素D_3交互作用对绒毛高度、隐窝深度影响显著(P<0.05);与模型组相比,试验组的结肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著增加(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著变浅(P<0.05)。5)鸭油甘油二酯和维生素D_3交互作用对脾脏PPARγmRNA表达量影响显著(P<0.05);与模型组相比,试验组(除10.0 mL/kg鸭油甘油二酯和25.0μg/kg维生素D_3组)脾脏PPARγmRNA表达量显著增加(P<0.05),其中5.0 mL/kg鸭油甘油二酯和12.5μg/kg维生素D_3组脾脏PPARγmRNA表达量最高。6)脾脏PPARγmRNA表达量与绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与隐窝深度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。由此可见,不同水平的鸭油甘油二酯和维生素D_3能够改善结肠炎大鼠的结肠区系微生物结构,增加有益微生物比例,促进结肠肠道发育,上调脾脏PPARγmRNA表达量,并且对肠道发育具有调控作用,以5.0 mL/kg鸭油甘油二酯和12.5μg/kg维生素D_3组合为最优。
译 名：
Effects of Duck Oil Diglyceride and Vitamin D_3 on Colonic Flora,Spleen Peroxisome Proliferators Activated Receptor γ mRNA Expression and Colonic Tissue Development of Colitis Rats
作 者：
LIU Yanan;WANG Baowei;GE Wenhua;ZHANG Ming'ai;XIE Yu'e;KONG Min;SUN Jingxin;Department of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University;National Waterfowl Industry Technical System Nutrition and Feed Function Laboratory;
关键词：
duck oil diglyceride;;vitamin D3;;colitis;;rats;;colon flora;;intestinal development;;PPARγ
摘 要：
This study aimed to explore the effects of different levels of duck oil diglyceride and vitamin D_3 on colonic flora,spleen peroxisome proliferators activated receptorγ (PPARγ)mRNA expression and colonic tissue development of colitis rats. A total of 100 rats were randomly divided into model group and control group,each control group contained 4 replicates,each model group contained 16 replicates,and each replicate contained 5 rats;rats in control group free drank distilled water,rats in model group free drank 5% dextran sulfate sodium,and the modeling test for consecutive lasted for 7 days. After the successful molding,selected 10 normal rats as a control group(group Ⅰ),then selected 70 rats of successful molding randomly divided into 7 group,which were model group(group Ⅱ)and experimental groups(groups Ⅲ to Ⅷ);each group contained 2 replicates and each replicate contained 5 rats. A 2×3 cross factor analysis experiment design was adopted,the addition levels of duck oil diglyceride were 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 mL/kg,respectively,and the addition levels of vitamin D_3 was 12.5 and 25.0μg/kg,respectively. The experiment lasted for 3 weeks. The results showed as follows:1)the interaction of duck oil diglyceride and vitamin D_3 had significant effects on Ace index and Chao1 index(P<0.05),compared with the model group,the operation classification unit(OTUs)number,Ace index and Chao1 index of experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),the OTUs number,Ace index and Chao1 index of 5.0 mL/kg duck oil diglyceride and 12.5μg/kg vitamin D_3 group were the highest,and the microbial species abundance was higher than other five experimental groups. 2)The principal component analysis figure showed that the 5.0 mL/kg duck oil diglyceride and 12.5μg/kg vitamin D_3 group was closest to the control group,with the highest microbial similarity. 3)Compared with the model group,the proportions of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Shigella,Prevotella and Allobaculum of experimental groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the proportions of Bacteroidetes and Bacteroides were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Clostridia proportion had no significant change(P<0.05). 4)The interaction of duck oil diglyceride and vitamin D_3 had significant effects on villus height and crypt depth(P<0.05);compared with the model group,the villus height and villus height/crypt depth of experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the crypt depth was significantly decreased(P<0.05). 5)The interaction of duck oil diglyceride and vitamin D_3 had significant effects on spleen PPARγ mRNA expression(P<0.05);compared with the model group,the spleen PPARγ mRNA expression of experimental groups(except 10.0 mL/kg duck oil diglyceride and 25.0μg/kg vitamin D_3 group)was significantly increased(P < 0. 05),and the spleen PPARγ mRNA expression of 5. 0 mL/kg duck oil diglyceride and 12.5μg/kg vitamin D_3 group was the highest. 6)The spleen PPARγ mRNA expression was significantly positively correlated with villus height and illus height/crypt depth(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with crypt depth(P<0.01). In conclusion,different levels of duck oil diglyceride and vitamin D_3 can improve the microbial structure of colon flora of colitis rats,increase the proportion of beneficial microorganisms,promote the development of colon intestinal tract,up-regulate the spleen PPARγ mRNA expression,and have regulatory effect on intestinal development. The combination proportion of 5. 0 mL/kg duck oil diglyceride and 12.5μg/kg vitamin D_3 is the optimal combination.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(3):1382-1395]
