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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 农村宅基地制度:从管制、赋权到盘活 农业经济问题 2019 (1) 60-72
Position: Home > Articles > Rural Homestead System: From Regulation,Empowerment to Liberalization Issues in Agricultural Economy 2019 (1) 60-72

农村宅基地制度:从管制、赋权到盘活

作  者：
高圣平
单  位：
中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心
关键词：
宅基地使用权;宅基地三权分置;房地分离;法定租赁权
摘  要：
宅基地居住保障功能是农村宅基地制度改革的底线,宅基地财产功能的发挥也是以满足居住保障功能为前提而展开,宅基地"三权"分置为此提供了相应的制度空间。宅基地资格权的永续保有决定了宅基地使用权的身份属性不能破除,宅基地的市场化路径依赖于宅基地使用权的利用权的市场化。既定的房地一体原则在"三权"分置之下,可被解释为房屋所有权与其占有范围内的宅基地租赁权的权利主体相一致,非本集体成员或城镇居民仅取得房屋所有权与宅基地租赁权,并不享有宅基地使用权。相应地,宅基地使用权抵押权实现之时,非本集体成员或城镇居民作为受让人也仅取得宅基地租赁权,农民住房财产权继承之时,亦应作同一解释。宅基地的用途和规划管制应予坚持,但"一户一宅"政策在不同地区有不同的实现途径,宅基地审批程序应予简化。
译  名：
Rural Homestead System: From Regulation,Empowerment to Liberalization
作  者：
GAO Shengping;
单  位：
GAO Shengping
关键词：
Rural homestead usufructuary right;;Usufructuary right;;Separation between the building ownership and the land use right;;Statutory leasehold
摘  要：
Homestead is the farmers' basic life safeguard( housing safeguard).So,the distribution of homestead also embodies the welfare and fairness. As long as he is one of the collective members,he will have the right to apply for homestead free of charge on the premise of conforming to the planning."One household one homestead"policy has its legitimacy.However,in the region of land tension,it is possible to explore farmers housing safeguard in various forms in different areas. But the welfare of homestead can not kill the property attribute of rural homestead usufructuary right. After the farmer is distributed the rural homestead usufructuary right free of charge,he shall enjoy this kind of property which Property Law has identified as usufructuary right,and shall of course have the right to dispose of or transfer the homestead usufructuary right. No matter whether the land safeguard function is admitted,it does not affect the transfer of the homestead usufructuary right.Under the current social development situation,the circulation of the homestead usufructuary right is mainly reflected in prudent and steady rural housing mortgage or transfer to explore farmers to increase income from property. The assignee of home ownership obtains the statutory leasehold over the rural homestead usufructuary right.

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