单 位：
贵州省农业科技信息研究所;贵州省环境科学研究设计院
关键词：
鸡粪沼液;空心菜;净化;水培;资源化利用
摘 要：
【目的】研究水培空心菜净化和资源化利用畜禽养殖粪便沼液的可行性,为畜禽养殖沼气工程的沼液净化处理和资源化利用提供科学依据。【方法】在不同稀释倍数的鸡粪沼液中栽培空心菜,研究其对沼液中氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)的削减能力及沼液浓度对水培空心菜生长的影响;并通过在鸡粪沼液中添加华南农大叶菜A配方各营养元素,探讨鸡粪沼液作为水培营养液的限制因子。【结果】不同稀释倍数的鸡粪沼液经空心菜生长吸收后,各项污染物浓度均有不同程度的消减,定植21 d后,各处理NH3-N均达GB 18596-2001的排放浓度要求,以稀释6倍的去除率最高(81.61%);COD、TP和TN均以稀释9倍的去除率最高,分别为78.16%、87.00%和87.96%。稀释12倍鸡粪沼液水培的空心菜植株全重最重(4.83 g/株);不同稀释倍数沼液水培的空心菜还原糖含量均高于华南农大叶菜A配方处理,但沼液水培空心菜易引起Pb、Hg、Cr等重金属在植株体内的过量积累。鸡粪沼液中添加KH2PO4和KNO3,水培的空心菜植株高度、地上部分重和植株全重等指标均表现较优,K可能为空心菜生长的限制因子。【结论】水培空心菜可有效降低沼液中污染物浓度;沼液可作为水培蔬菜的营养液资源化利用,但实际生产中仍需进行必要的养分调控使植物更好生长,并根据植物不同生长阶段对K的需求作进一步调整。
译 名：
Purification and resource utilization of chicken manure biogas slurry by using hydroponic water spinach
作 者：
LIU Yong-xia;LI Yu-rong;YANG Mei;ZHOU Si;Guizhou Environmental Science Research and Design;Guizhou Agricultural Science and Technology Information Institute;
关键词：
chicken manure biogas slurry;;water spinach;;purification;;hydroponics;;resource utilization
摘 要：
【Objective】The present experiment was aimed to study the feasibility of using hydroponic water spinach to purify and utilize the biogas slurry, in order to scientific basis for purification and utilization of biogas slurry from biogas project in livestock and poultry farms. 【Method】Hydroponic water spinach was cultured in different dilutions of chicken manure biogas slurry. Then the ability of hydroponic water spinach to reducing ammonia(NH3-N), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in biogas slurry was investigated, and the effects of biogas slurry concentration on growth of hydroponic water spinach were analyzed. Meanwhile, after adding nutrients South China Agricultural University formula A for leafy vegetable to chicken manure, the chicken manure biogas slurry as the limiting factors of hydroponic nourishing solution were studied. 【Result】The results showed that, after different dilutions of chicken manure biogas slurry were absorbed by water spinach, and the concentrations of pollutants were reduced to varying degrees.After water spinach was cultivated for 21 d, NH3-N concentration of all treatments reached GB 18596-2001 discharge standard, especially the chicken manure biogas slurry diluted 6 times with highest removal rate(81.61%). However, the chicken manure biogas slurry diluted 9 times had the highest COD, TP and TN removal rates(78.16%, 87.00% and87.96%). The water spinach cultivated in chicken manure biogas slurry diluted 12 times was the heaviest(4.83 g/plant).The reducing sugar content of water spinach cultivated in different dilutions of chicken manure biogas slurry was higher than that cultivated in South China Agricultural University formula A for leafy vegetable, however the heavy metals(Pb,Hg, Cr, etc.) were accumulated excessively in water spinach because water spinach was cultivated in chicken manure biogas slurry. Furthermore, the water spinach cultured in the chicken manure biogas slurry supplemented with KH2PO4 and KNO3had better growth indexes including plant height, aboveground part biomass, plant weight etc. Therefore, K might be a factor limiting growth of water spinach. 【Conclusion】The hydroponic water spinach can reduce concentrations of pollutants in biogas slurry, and the biogas slurry can be used as nourishing solution, but in order to make plants grow better,the necessary nutrient should be adjusted according to the demand of K plants in different growth stages.
