作 者：
徐琼;贾克力;李文宝;王利明;赵胜男;于瑞雪;杨久辉
单 位：
内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院;赤峰市克旗达里诺尔国家级自然保护区管理处
关键词：
达里诺尔湖;浮游植物;群落结构;环境因子;夏季
摘 要：
为了探究达里诺尔湖夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及水质状况,对浮游植物的种类组成、多样性及环境理化因子进行监测。2015年夏季在湖区设置9个采样点进行定期采样,通过Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数等数据处理,结合Pearson相关分析,研究浮游植物群落结构空间分布特征、多样性及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,调查期间共发现浮游植物5门、39属、77种;其中绿藻门29种,占总种数37.66%;蓝藻门和硅藻门均有23种,均占29.87%。达里湖夏季浮游植物优势种为3门、14种,主要优势种为单生卵囊藻(Oocystis solitaria)、湖生卵囊藻(Oocystis lacustris)、不定微囊藻(Microcystis incerta)、小球藻(Chlorella sp.)和细小隐球藻(Aphanocapsa elachista)。浮游植物丰度为4.55×10~4~26.78×10~4个/L,其平均值为:水面下0.5 m(22.46×10~4个/L)>1.5 m(20.86×10~4个/L)>4.5 m(14.15×10~4个/L)>底泥上0.5 m(9.32×10~4个/L);浮游植物生物量为0.682~6.695 mg/L,垂向变化趋势与浮游植物丰度一致。相关分析表明,夏季达里诺尔湖浮游植物丰度与温度、p H值、溶解氧及叶绿素a呈极显著正相关,与盐度相关性不明显。浮游植物群落Shannon-Wiener指数为3.330~4.452,Pielou指数为0.799~0.912,结合浮游植物丰度、优势种及多样性指数分析结果,达里诺尔湖属于绿藻-蓝藻-硅藻型,且水体处于寡污染水平。
译 名：
Characteristics of the Summer Phytoplankton Community Structure in Dalinor Lake
作 者：
XU Qiong;JIA Ke-li;LI Wen-bao;WANG Li-ming;ZHAO Sheng-nan;YU Rui-xue;YANG Jiu-hui;Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University;National Nature Reserve Ecological Tourism Co.,LTD of Ke Shen Ke Teng Dalinuoer;
关键词：
Dalinor Lake;;phytoplankton;;community structure;;environmental factors;;summer
摘 要：
Dalinor Lake,located in Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia,is a typical low salinity lake in the cold,arid region of north China and serves as an important fishery production base for Inner Mongolia. In the summer of2015,the phytoplankton community structure was investigated at nine sampling sites in Dalinor Lake. Parameters measured included species composition,phytoplankton density and biomass,and the spatial and vertical distribution of phytoplankton. At the same time,environmental parameters were monitored,including Secchi depth transparency( SD),p H,dissolved oxygen( DO),depth,salinity( SAT),water temperature( T),total nitrogen( TN),total phosphorus( TP),chromium chemical oxygen demand( CODCr) and chlorophyll-a( Chl-a). The spatial distribution characteristics of the phytoplankton community structure,as well as their relation with environmental variables and water quality in Dalinor Lake were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and the ShannonWiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices. The study aims to provide biological evidence for water resource utilization and conservation. A total of 77 phytoplankton species,belonging to 39 genera and 5 phyla,were identified and Chlorophyta( 29 species),Cyanophyta( 23 species) and Bacillariophyta( 23 species) were dominant,accounting for 37. 66%,29. 87% and 29. 87% of the total phytoplankton species. The dominant species were Oocystis solitaria,Oocystis lacustris,Microcystis incerta,Chlorella sp. and Aphanocapsa elachista. The vertical distribution of phytoplankton density and biomass varied significantly. Phytoplankton abundance ranged from 4. 55 × 10~4to26. 78 × 10~4 cell/L and the biomass ranged from 0. 682 to 6. 695 mg/L. The average density of phytoplankton gradually decreased with depth as follows: 22. 46 × 10~4 cell/L( 0. 5 m),20. 86 × 10~4 cell/L( 1. 5 m),14. 15 ×10~4cell/L( 4. 5 m),9. 32 × 10~4 cell/L( 0. 5 m above bottom). The water temperature,p H,DO and Chl-a during summer in Dalinor Lake decrease with depth. Pearson analysis showed a significant correlation between phytoplankton density and water temperature,p H,DO and Chl-a,but no obvious correlation with density or salinity. The range of the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou Evenness indices were 3. 330- 4. 452 and 0. 799- 0. 912. Based on phytoplankton abundance,dominant species and diversity indices,the phytoplankton community in Dalinor Lake is of the green/blue-green/diatom type and the water quality status is oligotrophic.
