作 者：
徐永江;张正荣;柳学周;王滨;史宝;刘永山;李荣;张言祥
单 位：
上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验;海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室;农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所;室青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室;大连富谷水产有限公司;青岛市海水鱼类种子工程与生物技术重点实验室;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室;室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室
关键词：
黄条鰤;胚胎发育;胚后发育;形态特征;生长特性
摘 要：
观察和记录了黄条鰤(Seriolaaureovittata)早期生活史阶段生长发育的形态与数量特征,描述了胚胎和仔稚幼鱼各发育阶段的表观特征与生长特性。黄条鰤成熟卵子为透明的圆球形浮性卵,卵径(1.48±0.04)mm,单油球,油球径(0.37±0.02) mm。在水温(21.5±0.5)℃,盐度32, pH 8.0～8.2条件下,受精卵历经73 h 40 min破膜孵化。初孵仔鱼全长(4.23±0.39) mm,卵黄囊长椭圆形,长度约为全长的1/3。3日龄仔鱼全长(4.61±0.43) mm,开口,卵黄囊消耗95%,眼睛变为黑色,鳔原基形成。4日龄仔鱼全长(4.57±0.88) mm,肛门与外界联通,开始摄食轮虫。5日龄仔鱼全长(4.68±0.25) mm,卵黄囊耗尽,鳔开始充气。油球在8日龄消耗完毕,仔鱼全长(5.14±0.36) mm,完全进入外源性营养阶段。7日龄仔鱼全长(4.79±0.36) mm,鳔充气变为亮泡状。初孵仔鱼消化道细而直,随着仔鱼发育,消化道变得粗大,肠道内褶回增多,在10日龄仔鱼全长(5.19±0.37)mm,形成第一个肠道生理弯曲,15日龄仔鱼全长(5.71±0.50)mm,形成第二个肠道生理弯曲,消化能力不断增强。脊椎末端弯曲在15日龄开始,至25日龄全长(8.66±1.06)mm,弯曲过程完成。35日龄稚鱼全长(20.04±1.56)mm,各鳍条数与成鱼一致。60日龄幼鱼全长(65.06±1.94) mm,鳞片形成。80日龄幼鱼全长(134.05±3.25) mm,体表出现一条纵向横贯眼睛和尾椎末端的浅黄色色素带,在体态上与成体无明显区别。
译 名：
Morphometric characteristics of the embryonic and postembryonic development of yellowtail kingfish, Seriola aureovittata
作 者：
XU Yongjiang;ZHANG Zhengrong;LIU Xuezhou;WANG Bin;SHI Bao;LIU Yongshan;LI Rong;ZHANG Yanxiang;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University;Dalian Fugu Fishery Co. Ltd.;
单 位：
XU Yongjiang%ZHANG Zhengrong%LIU Xuezhou%WANG Bin%SHI Bao%LIU Yongshan%LI Rong%ZHANG Yanxiang%Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs%Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology%Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences%Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology%College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University%Dalian Fugu Fishery Co. Ltd.
关键词：
Seriola aureovittata;;embryonic development;;postembryonic development;;morphological characteristics;;growth performance
摘 要：
The yellowtail kingfish, Seriola aureovittata, is a globally distributed marine economic pelagic fish species. It is a popular table fish all over the world for its tasty flesh and high nutritional content. As the consumption demand has increased and natural resources have declined in recent years, an increasing number of countries including China have begun to artificially culture this species due to its fast growth and market value. It is particularly suitable for the deep sea net cage culture method and is thus a promising candidate for the deep sea farming industry in China. Studying the morphometrics and physiology of embryos, larvae, juveniles, and young fish to obtain information about their early life history is the first step and key to the successful aquaculture of a fish species. Thus, we observed, recorded, and described the morphometric characteristics of the embryonic and postembryonic development of S. aureovittata in order to provide basic knowledge for the artificial breeding and seedling production of this species. The fertilized eggs obtained by natural spawning were spherically shaped and buoyant. The fertilized eggs were transparent and had one oil globule in the yolk, with an egg diameter of(1.48±0.04) mm and an oil globule diameter of(0.37±0.02) mm. The fertilized eggs hatched 73 h 40 min after fertilization in(21.5±0.5)℃ water with a salinity of 32 and a pH of 8.0–8.2. The total length(TL) of the newly hatched larva was(4.23±0.39) mm and consisted of a long oval yolk sac, which accounted for one third of the TL. The larvae opened their mouths and exhibited blackened eyes at 3 days after hatching(DAH) with a TL of(4.61±0.43) mm. At this time, the yolk sac decreased in volume by approximately 95%, and the swim bladder primordium formed. Larvae at 4 DAH were(4.57±0.88) mm in TL and began to feed on rotifers, thus entering the mixed feeding stage. Five DAH, the larvae with a TL of(4.68±0.25) mm exhausted the yolk sac and the swim bladder began to inflate with air. The oil globule was absorbed at 8 DAH, and the larvae(TL 5.14 mm±0.358 mm) completely entered the exogenous nutritional stage. The swim bladder of the larvae at 7 DAH(TL of 4.79± 0.36 mm) became a bright vesicle after inflation with air, which exists through their life history. The intestine of the newly hatched larvae was thin, short, and straight, but became long, curled, and complicated with development. The first intestinal physiological curve formed at 10 DAH when the larvae were(5.19±0.37) mm in TL and the second formed at 15 DAH when the larvae reached(5.71±0.50) mm in TL. Flexion of the notochord started at 15 DAH and was completed at 25 DAH when the larvae were(8.66±1.06) mm in TL. The development of the dorsal fin, pectoral fin, anal fin, and caudal fin was completed by the time the juveniles were(20.04±1.56) mm in TL. At 60 DAH(TL 65.06 mm±1.94 mm), the scales on the body surface formed. At 80 DAH, when the young fish achieved(134.05±3.25) mm in TL, their appearance was similar to that of the adults.
