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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > UV-B辐射增强下施硅对冬小麦光合特性和产量的影响 江苏农业学报 2017,33 (5) 1036-1043
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of silicate application on photosynthesis and yield in winter wheat under elevated UV-B radiation Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2017,33 (5) 1036-1043

UV-B辐射增强下施硅对冬小麦光合特性和产量的影响

作  者：
肇思迪;娄运生;庞渤;朱怀卫;张祎玮;石一凡
单  位：
庄河市气象局
关键词：
UV-B辐射增强;施硅;冬小麦;光合作用;蒸腾作用
摘  要：
通过大田试验,研究UV-B增强下施硅对冬小麦光合和蒸腾生理相关参数以及产量的影响。UV-B辐射设2水平,即对照(A,自然光)和增强20%(E);施硅量设2水平,即对照(Si0,0 kg/hm2Si O2)和施硅(Si1,200kg/hm2Si O2)。结果表明,不施硅条件下(Si0),UV-B辐射处理(E)的不同生育期小麦净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)比对照处理(A)分别降低9.21%~18.94%、7.56%~23.66%、1.24%~12.81%和13.88%~27.85%,提高气孔限制值(Ls)和水分利用率(WUE)5.07%~19.67%和2.35%~27.86%,小麦产量降低9.08%;UV-B增强下(E),施硅处理(Si1)的不同生育期小麦净光合速率(Pn)、气孔限制值(Ls)和水分利用率(WUE)比不施硅对照(Si0)分别提高5.23%~12.23%、4.61%~45.32%和18.15%~61.33%,气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)分别降低6.35%~10.94%、5.41%~11.01%和6.75%~30.51%,小麦产量增加4.83%。说明UV-B增强可显著降低冬小麦叶片的净光合速率和蒸腾速率,提高水分利用率,降低冬小麦产量,而施硅可缓解UV-B辐射对冬小麦光合作用的抑制,降低蒸腾速率和提高水分利用率,使小麦不减产。
译  名：
Effects of silicate application on photosynthesis and yield in winter wheat under elevated UV-B radiation
作  者：
ZHAO Si-di;LOU Yun-sheng;PANG Bo;ZHU Huai-wei;ZHANG Yi-wei;SHI Yi-fan;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology;Zhuanghe Meteorological Bureau;
关键词：
elevated UV-B radiation;;silicate application;;winter wheat;;photosynthesis;;transpiration
摘  要：
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicate application on photosynthesis,transpiration and yield in winter wheat under elevated UV-B radiation. The experiment had two UV-B radiation levels,ambient UV-B( A,ambient) and elevated UV-B radiation( E,elevated by 20%); and two silicate application levels,a control( Si0,0 kg/hm2,Si O2) and added silicate( Si1,200 kg/hm2,Si O2). The results indicated that,compared with the group of ambient UV-B radiation in the treatment of no silicate application,the net photosynthesis rate( Pn),stomatal conductivity( Gs),intercellular CO2 concentration( Ci) and transpiration rate( Tr) of wheat at different stages in the group of elevated UV-B radiation decreased by 9.21%-18.94%,7.56%-23.66%,1.24%-12.81% and 13.88%-27.85%,respectively,and stomatal limitation( Ls) and water use efficiency( WUE) increased by 5. 07%-19. 67% and 2. 35%-27.86%,wheat yield decreased by 9.08%. Under elevated UV-B radiation,the treatment of silicate application significantly increased Pn,Lsand WUE of wheat at different stages by 5. 23%-12. 23%,4. 61%-45. 32% and 18. 15%-61.33%,respectively,decreased Gs,Ciand Trby 6. 35%-10. 94%,5. 41%-11. 01% and 6. 75%-30. 51%,increased wheat yield by 4.83%. In conclusion,the treatment of elevated UV-B radiation significantly decreased the Pnand Tr,increased WUE in winter wheat leaves,and decreased wheat yield. However,the treatment of silicate application could alleviate the inhibitory effect of elevated UV-B radiation on Pn,decrease Trand WUE,and increase the yield of wheat.

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