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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 北京市农业生产消费虚拟水对比分析及评价 灌溉排水学报 2016,35 (5) 56-61+66
Position: Home > Articles > Analysis and Evaluation of Beijing Agricultural Virtual Water in Production and Consumption Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 2016,35 (5) 56-61+66

北京市农业生产消费虚拟水对比分析及评价

作  者：
刘晓菲;张士锋;林忠辉;李瑞
单  位：
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
关键词：
虚拟水;蓝水;绿水;消费;自给率;灰水足迹
摘  要：
基于虚拟水理论和北京市养殖场实地调研资料计算了农产品单位虚拟水量,结合生产、消费数据计算了北京市虚拟水量。从虚拟水角度对广义水资源利用情况进行了评价,并通过灰水足迹概念来衡量水污染程度。结果表明:1动物产品虚拟水量高于农作物,牛肉虚拟水量最大,猪肉、鸭肉、蛋类、鸡肉次之,农作物中大豆、花生、水稻的虚拟水量较高。22000—2012年间,农作物生产虚拟水量年均减少0.59亿m~3,平均蓝水利用率41.2%,绿水利用率58.8%。32000—2012年间,农产品生产虚拟水量呈现波动减小,消费虚拟水量增加,农村居民人均虚拟水消费显著低于城镇居民。413年间,虚拟水进口量介于13.26~42.20亿m~3之间,水资源自给率下降,农业万元产值水资源使用量由0.42亿m~3/亿元减小至0.20亿m~3/亿元,水资源人口承载密度略微增加。5农业灰水足迹由6.24亿m~3减小到3.90亿m~3,年均减小0.20亿m~3。
译  名：
Analysis and Evaluation of Beijing Agricultural Virtual Water in Production and Consumption
作  者：
LIU Xiaofei;ZHANG Shifeng;LIN Zhonghui;LI Rui;Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research;Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;
关键词：
virtual water;;blue water;;green water;;consumption;;self-sufficiency;;gray water footprint
摘  要：
Based on virtual water theory,the field research data were used to calculate the virtual water of agricultural products,production and consumption data were taken into consideration to count the virtual water quantity.The utilization of generalized water resources from the view of virtual water was evaluated,and the severity of pollution was measured based on gray water foot print theory.The results showed that:1The virtual water content of animal products were obviously bigger than that of crops.Bean,groundnut,rice had higher virtual water content than other crops.The virtual water content of Beef was maximum,followed by poof,duck,egg and chicken.2Virtual water of crop produced in Beijing decreased0.59×108 m3 per year during 2000—2012,the average utilization ratio of blue water was 41.2% while the green water was 58.8%.3Virtual water of agricultural production showed a fluctuant decrease,in contrast to the increase in consumption.The virtual water import volume was 13.26~42.20×108 m3.Water resources self-sufficient rate had generally declined,water resources usage of 10 000 yuan output reduced from 0.42m3/yuan to 0.20m3/yuan.4Gray water footprint of agriculture decreased from 6.24×108 m3 to3.9×108 m3,with an average annual decrease of 0.20×108 m3.

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