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Position: Home > Articles > Induction and selection of banana mutants resistant to Fusarium wilt disease Journal of Fruit Science 2008,25 (2) 188-192+287

香蕉抗枯萎病突变体的诱发与筛选

作  者：
胡玉林;谢江辉;梁国鲁;陈佳瑛;王忠猛
单  位：
中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所;西南大学园艺园林学院
关键词：
香蕉;枯萎病;EMS;抗病育种
摘  要：
香蕉枯萎病(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Cubense,FOC)是我国华南地区香蕉生产中急需解决的几大病害之一,已造成极大的经济损失。培育优质、高产的抗病香蕉品种被认为是解决这一问题的最根本、最有效的措施。采用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)对优质巴西蕉(Musa spp,AAA)茎尖进行离体诱变处理,并以5×106个/mL枯萎病菌race4孢子悬浮液为选择压,分别在室外和温室内,对2个月苗龄的诱变处理苗进行抗病性筛选。结果表明,最佳诱变处理组合为:0.4%EMS浸泡3 h,其变异率为36.7%;诱变后,产生5类比较明显的变异类型;经2种不同方式筛选分别得到3.1%和6.3%抗性植株;另外,还发现在矮化变异和窄叶型中获得抗病突变体的比例较高。
译  名：
Induction and selection of banana mutants resistant to Fusarium wilt disease
作  者：
HU Yu-lin1,XIE Jiang-hui1,LIANG Guo-lu2,CHEN Jia-ying1,WANG Zhong-meng2(1South-subtropical Crop Research Institute,CATAS,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091 China;2College of Horticulture,Southwest University,Beibei,Chongqing 400716 China)
关键词：
Banana;Fusarium wilt;EMS;Disease-resistant breeding
摘  要：
Banana wilt disease has been one of the serious diseases of banana in South China,and caused serious damage.The essential and effective solution is to breed new cultivars incorporated with high yield,good quality and high resistance to fusarium wilt.Shoot-tip tissues of in vitro grown Brazil banana(Musa spp.AAA Group) were exposed to ethylmethane sulphonate(EMS) solution with different concentrations for different time.Both in indoor and outdoor environments,roots of two-months old plantlets were hurt and injected or dipped in some conidial suspension(5×106 spores/mL) of physiological 4 Fusarium species(FOC4) Fusarium wilt to screen the resistant mutants.The results showed the best combination was with 0.4% EMS for 3 h;the mutation rate was 36.7%.Judging by their morphology,there were 5 remarkable types: dwarfing type,narrow-leaf type,distortion type,wave type,and mosaic type.After inoculation in both indoor and outdoor environment,there were 3.1% and 6.3% plants survived respectively,and these plants were initially considered to be the resistant mutants.It was also found that there were higher proportions of resistant mutants from the dwarfing and narrow leaf type mutation than from others.

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