作 者：
彭丽莎;李娟;杨仕伟;杨平;赵守忠;刘雪姣;栾兴霞;冷容
关键词：
宽柄芥;定植比例;定植密度;制种产量;相关性分析;通径分析
摘 要：
[目的]分析父母本不同定植方式对宽柄芥(Brassica juncea var.latipa)杂交制种产量及其构成因素的影响,为提高宽柄芥制种产量提供参考依据.[方法]以宽柄芥雄性不育系K6A为母本、自交系SGK为父本进行杂交制种,测定不同父母本定植比例(1:2、1:3、1:4和1:5共4个处理)和不同定植密度(株行距)(父本定植密度固定为0.33 cm×0.33 cm,母本定植密度设0.36 m×0.50 m、0.30 m×0.50 m、0.24 m×0.50 m和0.20 m×0.50 m共4个处理)下的杂交制种产量,并对制种产量及其构成因素进行相关性分析和通径分析.[结果]宽柄芥父母本定植比例为1:3时,其杂交种子的千粒重最重,为0.95 g,与父母本定植比例1:4处理差异不显著(P>0.05,下同);父母本定植比例为1:4时,其单株杂交种子产量为7.13 g,显著低于父母本定植比例1:2处理(P<0.05,下同);父母本定植比例为1:4时其单位面积杂交种子产量最高(28.02 g/m2),且极显著高于其他3个父母本定植比例处理(P<0.01,下同).在父本定植密度固定为0.33 cm×0.33 cm的前提下,母本定植密度0.30 m×0.50 m处理的杂交种子千粒重较重,为0.96 g,与其他3个母本定植密度处理差异不显著;其单株杂交种子产量较高,为6.13 g,明显高于母本定植密度0.24 m×0.50 m处理,显著高于母本定植密度0.20 m×0.50 m处理;其单位面积杂交种子产量较高,为37.31 g,极显著高于母本定植密度0.36 m×0.50 m和0.20 m×0.50 m处理,低于母本定植密度0.24 m×0.50 m处理,但差异不显著.相关性分析结果表明,在父母本定植比例和定植密度试验条件下,母本的全株有效角果数均是构成单株杂交种子产量的关键因素,其中,在父母本定植比例试验条件下,单株杂交种子产量及其构成因素间除全株有效角果数与每角果粒数呈微弱负相关外,其余均呈正相关;在父母本定植密度试验条件下,母本的全株有效角果数、每角果粒数和杂交种子千粒重3个性状均与单株杂交种子产量呈正相关.通径分析结果表明,在父母本定植比例和定植密度试验条件下,母本的全株有效角果数、每角果粒数和杂交种子千粒重对单株杂交种子产量均具有正向响应,其中在父母本定植比例试验条件下,母本的全株有效角果数和每角果粒数对单株杂交种子产量的贡献大于父母本定植密度试验条件.[结论]宽柄芥杂交制种选择父母本定植比例1:4及父本定植密度0.33 cm×0.33 cm和母本定植密度0.30 m×0.50 m时其制种效果最佳.
译 名：
Effects of different transplanting patterns on seed yield and yield components of Brassica juncea var. latipa
作 者：
PENG Li-sha;LI Juan;YANG Shi-wei;YANG Ping;ZHAO Shou-zhong;LIU Xue-jiao;LUAN Xing-xia;LENG Rong;Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences;
关键词：
Brassica juncea var.latipa;;transplanting ratio;;transplanting density;;seed yield;;correlation analysis;;path analysis
摘 要：
【Objective】The effects of different transplanting densities and transplanting ratios between parents on hybrid seed yield and yield components of Brassica juncea var. latipa were studied to provide reference for improving seed yields of B. juncea.【Method】Male sterile line K6 A was as female parent and inbred line SGK was as male parent. The hybrid seed yield of B. juncea under different transplanting ratios(1∶2,1∶3,1∶4 and 1∶5)and transplanting densities(row spacing)(transplanting density of male parent was 0.33 cm×0.33 cm,transplanting densities of female parent were 0.36 m×0.50 m,0.30 m×0.50 m,0.24 m×0.50 m and 0.20 m×0.50 m)were detected. The correlation analysis and path analysis of hybrid seed yield components were also studied.【Result】The highest 1000-grain weight of hybrid seed with the transplan-ting ratio between parent as 1∶3 was 0.95 g,showing no significant difference(P>0.05,the same below)with the the transplanting ratio between parent as 1∶4. The hybrid seed yield per plant for the transplanting ratio between parents of 1∶4(7.13 g)was significantly lower(P<0.05,the same below)than the transplanting ratio between parents of1∶2. While the hybrid seed yield per unit area(28.02 g/m2)with the transplanting ratio between parent as 1∶4 was the highest,and extremely higher(P<0.01,the same below)than others. Under the condition of transplanting density between male parent being 0.33 cm×0.33 cm,when the transplanting density between female parent was 0.30 m×0.50 m,the 1000-grain weight(0.96 g)of hybrid seed was bigger than other three transplanting densities between female parents,but no significant difference was observed. But its hybrid seed yield per plant was 6.13 g,much higher than the transplan-ting density between female parents of 0.24 m×0.50 m,and significantly higher than the transplanting density between female parents of 0.20 m×0.50 m. And the hybrid seed yield per unit area(37.31 g)was extremely higher than the two transplanting densities between female parents(0.36 m×0.50 m and 0.20 m×0.50 m),less than the transplanting density between female parents as 0.30 m×0.50 m,showing no significant difference. Correlation analysis showed that effective silique per plant of female parent was the key hybrid seed yield per plant components under transplanting ratio and transplanting density between parents tests. Under the transplanting ratio between parents tests,hybrid seed yield per plant of B. juncea was positively correlated with its component factors except that it had weak negative correlation with effective silique per plant and seeds per silique. Effective silique per plant,seeds per silique,1000-grain weight of hybrid seed of female parent were positively correlated with hybrid seed yield per plant under transplanting density between parents test. Path analysis indicated that,under transplanting ratio and transplanting density between parents tests,effective silique per plant,seeds per silique and 1000-grain weight of hybrid seed had positive response to hybrid seed yield per plant. Under transplanting ratio between parents test,the contribution of effective silique per plant and seeds per silique of female parents to hybrid seed yield per plant was larger than that under transplanting density test.【Conclusion】B. juncea should be transplanted with the transplanting ratio as 1∶4 and the male transplanting density of 0.33 cm×0.33 cm and female transplanting density of 0.30 m×0.50 m,the seed production effects are the optimal under this condition.
