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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > Function, transport, and regulation of amino acids: What is missing in rice? 作物学报(英文版) 2021,9 (3)
Position: Home > Articles > Function, transport, and regulation of amino acids: What is missing in rice? The Crop Journal 2021,9 (3)

Function, transport, and regulation of amino acids: What is missing in rice?

作  者：
Nan Guo;Shunan Zhang;M. Gu;Guohua X
单  位：
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Chin; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China;State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China;Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
关键词：
Amino acids;Amino acid transporter;Grain quality;Nitrogen uptake efficiency;Nitrogen utilization efficiency;Rice architectur
摘  要：
Amino acids are essential plant compounds serving as the building blocks of proteins, the predominant forms of nitrogen (N) distribution, and signaling molecules. Plant amino acids derive from root acquisition, nitrate reduction, and ammonium assimilation. Many amino acid transporters (AATs) mediating transfer processes of amino acids have been functionally characterized in Arabidopsis, whereas the function and regulation of the vast majority of AATs in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and other crops remain unknown. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of amino acids in the rhizosphere and in metabolism. We describe their function as signal molecules and in regulating plant architecture, flowering time, and defense against abiotic stress and pathogen attack. AATs not only function in root acquisition and translocation of amino acids from source to sink organs, regulating N uptake and use efficiency, but also as transporters of non-amino acid substrates or as amino acid sensors. Several AAT genes show natural variations in their promoter and coding regions that are associated with altered uptake rate of amino acids, grain N content, and tiller number. Development of an amino acid transfer model in plants will advance the manipulation of AATs for improving rice architecture, grain yield and quality, and N-use efficiency. (C) 2021 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

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