单 位：
宁夏中宁文茂生态饲料有限公司;宁夏大学农学院
摘 要：
本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加单宁和裂壶藻粉对滩羊生长性能及瘤胃菌群多样性的影响.选取体重[(25.53±3.18)kg]相近的5月龄健康滩羊公羔48只,随机均分为4组,每组12个重复,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮+0.4%单宁,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础饲粮+2.0%裂壶藻粉,试验Ⅲ组饲喂基础饲粮+0.4%单宁+2.0%裂壶藻粉.试验期共105 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期90 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组羊只的总增重显著增加(P<0.05).2)各试验组的操作分类单元数目均低于对照组,表现为对照组>试验Ⅰ组>试验Ⅱ组>试验Ⅲ组.3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组Sobs指数、Ace指数和Chao1指数均出现显著下降(P<0.05),与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅲ组Ace指数和Chao1指数也出现了显著下降(P<0.05).4)在门水平上,对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的优势菌门均为拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门,试验Ⅲ组的优势菌门为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门.与对照组相比,各试验组脱硫菌门、Patescibacteria的相对丰度出现显著变化(P<0.05),浮霉菌门的相对丰度出现极显著变化(P<0.01).5)在属水平上,普雷沃氏菌属和理研菌科_RC9_肠道群为优势菌属.与对照组相比,各试验组未排位拟杆菌目_BS11_肠道群、理研菌科_RC9_肠道群、未排位拟杆菌目_RF16_群、norank_Muribaculaceae和韦荣氏球菌科_UCG-001的相对丰度出现显著变化(P<0.05),脱硫弧菌属的相对丰度出现极显著变化(P<0.01).6)与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组的滩羊瘤胃菌群的氨基酸代谢功能通路相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05).综上所述,饲粮中添加单宁和裂壶藻粉均会影响滩羊生长性能及瘤胃微生物菌群结构,促进部分有益菌的增殖,并改善代谢功能;并且,以单独添加0.4%单宁的效果最好,同时添加0.4%单宁和2.0%裂壶藻粉效果次之,单独添加2.0%裂壶藻粉效果不明显.
译 名：
Effects of Tannin and Schizochytrium Powder on GrowthPerformance and Rumen Microflora Diversity of Tan Sheep
单 位：
College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Zhongning Wenmao Ecological Feed Limited Liability Company of Ningxia,Zhongning 755100,China
关键词：
tannin%Schizochytrid powder%Tan sheep%microflora structure
摘 要：
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary tannin and Schizochytrium powder on growth performance and rumen microflora diversity of Tan sheep.Forty-eight healthy Tan sheep male lambs with similar body weight[(25.53±3.18)kg]were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 lambs in each group.The control group was fed a basal diet,trial groupⅠwas fed the basal diet+0.4%tannin,trial groupⅡwas fed the basal diet+2.0%Schizochytrium powder,and trial groupⅢwas fed the basal diet+0.4%tannin+2.0%Schizochytrium powder.The test period was 105 days.The pre-feeding period lasted for 15 days and the normal feeding period lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the total weight gain of sheep in trial groupⅠwas significantly increased(P>0.05).2)The number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)in experimental groups was lower than that in control group,which was as follows:control group>trial groupⅠ>trial groupⅡ>trial groupⅢ.3)Compared with the control group,Sobs index,Ace index and Chao1 index in trial groupⅢwere significantly decreased(P<0.05),and compared with trial groupⅠ,Ace index and Chao1 index in trial groupⅢwere also significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)At the phylum level,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were dominant in control group,trial groupsⅠandⅡ,and Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were dominant in trial groupⅢ.Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota and Patescibacteria in trial groups changed significantly(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of Planctomycetota in trial groups changed extremely significantly(P<0.01).5)At the genus level,Prevotella and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were the dominant genus.Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of norank_Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group,norank_Bacteroidales_RF16_group,norank_Muribacula ceae,Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 in trial groups were significantly changed(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in trial groups changed extremely significantly(P<0.01).6)Compared with trial groupⅠ,the relative abundance of amino acid metabolic functional pathway of rumen flora of Tan sheep in trial groupⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).It is concluded that dietary supplementation of tannin and Schizochytrium powder can affect the growth performance and rumen microflora structure of Tan sheep,promote the proliferation of some beneficial bacteria,and improve metabolic function,and the best effect is the addition of 0.4%tannin alone,followed by the addition of 0.4%tannin and 2.0%Schizochytrium powder,and effect is not obvious by adding 2.0%Schizochytrium powder alone.
