作 者：
蒋伟峰;金佳威;常剑波;王硕立;宋正熊;王静;关卫东;张雪;符云鹏
单 位：
洛阳市烟草公司洛宁县分公司;河南农业大学烟草学院烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室;河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司;三门峡市烟草公司卢氏县分公司;河南省烟草公司三门峡市公司
关键词：
γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA);烤烟;根系活力;烟叶产量;烟叶品质
摘 要：
[目的]研究γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对烤烟根系发育及烟叶产量和品质的影响,为其在烤烟生产中的合理应用提供理论依据.[方法]在河南卢氏县和洛宁县进行大田试验,设置在移栽时(T1)、团棵期(T2)、移栽时十团棵期(T3)浇灌γ-PGA原液(用量15 L/hm2)200倍稀释液,以浇灌等量清水的处理为对照(CK),于移栽后30和60 d测定0~10,10~20 cm 土层土壤的含水率,于移栽后30,60和90 d测定根系体积和活力,于烤烟圆顶期测定烟株农艺性状及根、茎、叶干物质质量,在烟叶收获烘烤后测定其经济性状和化学成分,分析各处理土壤水分以及烤烟根系发育、干物质积累及烟叶产量和品质的差异.[结果]浇灌γ-PGA处理能显著提高0~20 cm 土层土壤含水率,以T3处理效果最好.与CK相比,施用γ-PGA显著提高了烤烟根系体积和生育前中期烟株的根系活力,在移栽后60 d,T1、T2、T3处理烤烟根系体积较CK增幅分别为39.15%~43.64%,47.38%~73.64%和62.92%~93.41%,根系活力增幅分别为39.01%~39.98%,36.33%~46.32%和51.72%~54.98%.施用γ-PGA显著增加了烟株全株干物质积累量,提高了烤后烟叶的产量、产值、上等烟比例和还原糖含量、糖碱比、钾氯比,改善了烤烟化学成分的协调性,且均以T3处理效果最好,其全株干物质积累量、产量、产值、上等烟比例较CK分别提高了 25.20%~46.60%,13.49%~20.79%,27.83%~31.89%和8.14%~12.72%.[结论]在豫西烟区于移栽时、团棵期2次浇灌γ-PGA溶液对烤烟促生增产提质效果最佳.
译 名：
Effects of γ-poly glutamic acid on root activity,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco
作 者：
JIANG Weifeng;JIN Jiawei;CHANG Jianbo;WANG Shuoli;SONG Zhengxiong;WANG Jing;GUAN Weidong;ZHANG Xue;FU Yunpeng;Key Laboratory of TobaccoCultivation in China Tobacco Industry,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University;Sanmenxia Branch of Henan Tobacco Corporation;Luoyang Branch of Henan Tobacco Corporation;Lushi Branch of Sanmenxia Tobacco Company;Luoning Branch of Luoyang Tobacco Company;
关键词：
γ-poly glutamic acid;;flue-cured tobacco;;root activity;;yield of tobacco;;quality of tobacco
摘 要：
【Objective】 This research studied the effects of γ-poly glutamic acid(γ-PGA) on root development, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco to provide basis for application of flue-cured tobacco production.【Method】 Field experiments of flue-cured tobacco were carried in Lushi and Luoning, Henan.Using equivalent clear water as the control(CK),the experiments irrigated 200 times dilution of γ-PGA stock solution(15 L/hm~2) to flue-cured tobacco at transplanting(T1), rosette stage(T2),and both transplanting and rosette stage(T3).The soil moisture contents of 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers were measured at 30 and 60 days after transplanting.The root volume and root activity were measured at 30,60 and 90 days after transplanting.The agronomic traits of tobacco plants and dry matter quality of roots, stems and leaves were measured at the dome stage.The economic traits and chemical components were measured after tobacco leaves were harvested and baked.The differences in soil moisture, root development, dry matter accumulation, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed.【Result】 Irrigation with γ-PGA significantly increased soil moisture content in 0-20 cm soil layer, and T3 treatment had the best effect.Compared with CK,the application of γ-PGA significantly increased root volume and root activity of flue-cured tobacco in the early and middle stages of growth.At 60 days after transplanting, the root volume of flue-cured tobacco treated with T1,T2 and T3 increased by 39.15%-43.64 %,47.38%-73.64% and 62.92%-93.41%,respectively, and the root activity increased by 39.01%-39.98%,36.33%-46.32% and 51.72%-54.98 %,respectively.The application of γ-PGA significantly increased dry matter accumulation of the whole plant, increased yield, output value, proportion of first-class tobacco, reducing sugar content, sugar-nicotine ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio, and improved the coordination of chemical components.The effect of T3 treatment was the best, and the dry matter accumulation, yield, output value and proportion of first-class tobacco of the whole plant were increased by 25.20%-46.60%,13.49%-20.79%,27.83%-31.89% and 8.14%-12.72%,respectively.【Conclusion】 In the tobacco planting areas of western Henan, watering γ-PGA solution at both transplanting and rosette stage had the best effect on promoting growth and increasing yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.
