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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 大豆食心虫Leguminivora glycinivorella(Mats.)Obraztsov的研究 昆虫学报 1965 (5) 461-479
Position: Home > Articles > A STUDY ON THE SOY BEAN POD BORER (LEGUMINIVORA GLYCINIVORELLA (MATS.) OBRAZTSOV) Acta Entomologica Sinica 1965 (5) 461-479

大豆食心虫Leguminivora glycinivorella(Mats.)Obraztsov的研究

作  者：
徐庆丰;郭守桂;韩玉梅;冯真;张荣;李义忠
单  位：
吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所
摘  要：
大豆食心虫是我国东北地区大豆上的重要害虫。此虫一年发生一代,以老熟幼虫在土内越冬。成虫于七月下旬至九月上旬间出现,盛期在八月中旬左右。于成虫盛期后3—5天和10—12天为卵及幼虫孵化盛期。卵及幼虫孵化盛期历年比较一致,而成虫发生盛期个别年有所不同,其原因主要与气象条件有关,尤其是和降雨关系比较密切。成虫的寿命与产卵和温、湿度有密切关系,高温、低湿成虫寿命短,同时也影响到卵的发育和孵化。新孵化的幼虫在豆荚上停留时间很短,入荚时在荚面筑了一个丝网,为药剂防治造成一定的困难。幼虫在入荚过程中有一定程度的死亡,不同大豆品种中幼虫死亡率是不同的,最高达92.0％,最低仅为16.0％,可见在大豆中有较好抗虫性品种的存在,这是值得利用的一个因素。幼虫于豆荚内取食至老熟即脱荚,于土内3—15厘米处筑茧越冬,潜土深度以3—6厘米最多,作茧部位以壠台上为主。幼虫在土内生活期长达十个月以上,其越冬死亡率平均为14.26％,但在化蛹前死亡率高达45.33—82.27％,蛹前幼虫死亡率高主要是生活力减弱所致,而蛹对环境适应力更较幼虫为低,如埋于3厘米以下或土壤湿度低于5％时,则完全不能羽化。因此,利用农业防治具有很大意义。 关于防治此虫的办法:栽培抗虫品种,如铁荚四粒黄及吉林一号大豆品种,可较现?
译  名：
A STUDY ON THE SOY BEAN POD BORER (LEGUMINIVORA GLYCINIVORELLA (MATS.) OBRAZTSOV)
作  者：
HSU CHING-FUNG;KOU SUO-KUE;HANG YE-MAI;FENG CHEN;GHANG YENG;LEE YEI-CHONG The Institute of Plant Protection,Academy of Agricultural Science of Ki-Lin Province
摘  要：
The soy bean pod borer (Leuguminivora glycinivorella (Mats.) Obraztsov) is oneof the serious pests on soy bean in the Northeast district of China. It causes seeddamage about 30%, sometimes higher than 80%. According to field observation, there is one generation a year, the earliest ap-pearance of the adults is in last decade of July, but adult abundance dates from 2nddecade of August. The peaks of egg laying of the females and the entrance into soybean pod by the newly hatched larvae are in 2nd and last decade of August respec-tively. The number of adults emerging from underground is influenced by the weathercondition, of which rainfull is the most important. The longevity of adults and thenumber of eggs laid by each female are largely influenced by temperature and R. H.,20--25℃. and R. H. above 95% being more favorable. It seems that the newly hatched larvae spin a small, loose and white silken coveringin the pod margin before entering the pod. Large number of the entering larvae diedin the epidermic layer of pod. The percentage of larval mortality is different in differentsoy bean variety. It may be said that to combat this pest the use of resistant varietyis a most important measure. The soy bean pod borer passes the winter as full-grown larvae, encased in thickelliptical cocoons with soil particles underground wthin 5--15 cm from the surface;24.4--59.4% of the overwintering larvae are distributed at the depth of 0--3 cm, 26.4--32.6% at 3--6 cm, 5.1--23.0% at 6--9 cm, 5.1--11.2% at 9--12 cm, and only 0.9--7.7% at 12--15 cm. The larval mortality of overwintering period is fairly low, 14.26%,but increases to 45.33--82.27% before pupation. The mortality of larvae in winter isdependent on the depth of cocoon site and larval health. To combat this pest, it is recommended: (1) to plant resistant variety of soy bean,e.g. "four-seed iron pod" or "Ki-Lin No. 1"; (2) to plough or harrow the landafter wheat harvest, the field having been planted to soy bean in the previous year; (3)to use 6% B.H.C., 6% B.H.C. + 5% D.D.T. (4: 1) and 2 or 3% Baycid powder inlarger fields.

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