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Position: Home > Articles > The Primitive Rice Cultivation at Long-qiu Zhuang Site of Gaoyou Acta Agronomica Sinica 1996,22 (5) 608-612+642

高邮龙虬庄遗址的原始稻作

作  者:
汤陵华;孙加祥;张敏;李民昌
单  位:
南京博物院;江苏省农业科学院
关键词:
粳稻;稻作起源;炭化稻
摘  要:
1993~1994年间.曾对高邮龙虬庄遗址进行了考古发掘,在探方T3830中属新石器时期的五个文化层中,有四个文化层淘洗出炭化稻米4000余粒。本研究从炭化稻米的粒型及探方T3929剖面土样中水稻植物蛋白石的形态两个方面,对该遗址新石器时期的原始稻作进行了试探性分析。结果发现:(1)在原始稻作之初,粒型的变异是随栽培化的进展而增大的。(2)在该遗址的新石器时期早期,稻米的进化是缓慢的,在距今6300年至5500年之间,进化有一次飞跃,有意识的人工选择已产生效应。(3)从水稻植物蛋白石的形状分析来看,该遗址出土的炭化稻应当是粳型稻。
译  名:
The Primitive Rice Cultivation at Long-qiu Zhuang Site of Gaoyou
作  者:
Tang Linghua Zhang Min Li Minchang Sun Jiaxian( Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Nanjing, 210014 ) (Institute of Archaeology Naujing Museum. Nanjing, 210016)
关键词:
Japonica type; Origin of rice; Carbonized rice
摘  要:
During 1993 and 1994, Long-qiu Zhuang site of Gaoyou county was excavated by the archaeologists of Nanjing museum. In 5 neolithic cultural layers of the test pit No. 3830, over 4000 carbonized rice giains in 4 of them were found by washing. This study analyzed the primitive rice cultivation in the neolithic age according to grain dimensions of carbonized rice and shape of the plant opal of rice from soil samples of the test pit No. 3929. The results indicated: (1) Variation of grain dimensions increased along with the development of rice cultivation. (2) Rice evolution was slow at the begining of Neolithic age, but during the period from 6300 and 5500 BP, the evolution became fast, and the effective artificial selection was showed. (3) According to the shape of plant opal of rice, the carbonized rice excavated at the site should be of japonica.

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