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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 利用肝脏指数鉴别人工饲养和野生王锦蛇的研究 野生动物学报 2018 (3) 626-632
Position: Home > Articles > Discrimination of Wild from Farmed King Rat Snake by Liver Indices Chinese Journal of Wildlife 2018 (3) 626-632

利用肝脏指数鉴别人工饲养和野生王锦蛇的研究

作  者：
林煜;田静茹;崔杰;李力;徐艳春;杨淑慧
单  位：
东北林业大学野生动物资源学院;湖南省野生动物救护繁育中心;国家林业局野生动物保护与利用工程技术研究中心
关键词：
王锦蛇;肝脏指数;来源鉴别
摘  要：
蛇类养殖可以缓解野外资源的开发压力,起到积极的保护作用。但是从野外非法捕捉的蛇类以人工养殖之名混入合法市场的现象也十分常见。由于缺乏有效鉴别野生和人工饲养蛇类的方法,给监管市场和打击盗猎、非法贩卖等违法犯罪行为带来困难。本研究以养殖量和盗捕量较大的王锦蛇为例,建立了肝-头指数(I_(lh))和肝-体指数(I_(lb))两个肝脏指数来鉴别野生和人工饲养蛇类。利用这两个指标,采用Fisher's判别将已知来源的个体进行来源回判时,两个指标的正确判别率相同,在野生组均为96.9%,饲养组均为74.1%,整体正确率为86.4%。但是两个指标在野生组和饲养组都有显著的性别差异,而且饲养组的雄性与野生组的雌性数值比较接近,当这两组同时进行判别时,I_(lh)和I_(lb)对饲养组雄性的错判风险均高达36.4%。但是,在性别明确时,I_(lh)对野生和饲养的雄性判别正确率在野生组为100%,饲养组为90.4%,整体达到94.1%,对于两组雌性判别正确率野生组依然达到100%,饲养组为81.3%,整体92.9%。I_(lb)的情形与Ilh也是一致的,同一性别的正确判别率高达90.5%(雌性)和94.1%(雄性)。因此,在实际应用中最好有性别信息。这两个指标测量方便,适用完整和不完整的死体鉴别,也可能适用于其他蛇类。
译  名：
Discrimination of Wild from Farmed King Rat Snake by Liver Indices
作  者：
Lin Yu;Tian Jingru;Cui Jie;Li Li;Xu Yanchun;Yang Shuhui;College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University;Hunan Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center;State Forestry Administration Research Center of Engineering Technology for Wildlife Cosnervation and Utilization;
关键词：
King rat snake;;Liver index;;Origin assignment
摘  要：
Snake farming plays an important role in conservation of wildlife through relieving exploitive pressure on wild resources by providing sustainably farmed products. However,poached wild snakes are often laundered in legal markets by mixing with farmed snakes. Lack of effective methods for discriminating farmed from wild snakes causes trouble for market monitoring and law enforcement against poaching and illegal trafficking. Using the king rat snake,Elaphe carinata,a commonly farmed and poached species as a model, we established two indices based on liver mass and body measurements,namely the liver-head index( I_(lh)) and liver-body index( I_(lb)),to discriminate snake origins. Fisher 's discriminant statistic was used with the two indices to assigned snakes with known origin to their origins. Results showed both I_(lh) and I_(lb) revealed correctness of 96. 9% for the wild group,74. 1% for the farm group,and 86. 4% overall. However,the two indices differed significantly between sexes in both wild and farmed snakes. The values of the two indices for farmed males approximated those calculated for wild females,leading to a risk of 36. 4% of mistakenly categorizing farmed males as wild females. When the sex was known,the rate at which I_(lh) correctly assign males to their origin reached 100% for wild snakes,90. 4% for farmed snakes,and 94. 1% overall. The correctness at assigning females using this index was as high as 100% for wild snakes,81. 3% for farmed snakes,and 92. 9% overall. The assignment power of I_(lb) was similar to that of I_(lh) with an overall correctness of 90. 5% for females and 94. 1% for males. Thus,accuracy of categorization improved when the sex of snakes could be determined before using either of these indices. The two indices proved easy to calculate,and suitable for whole or partial carcasses. They are also potentially applicable to other snake species farmed with similar technology.

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