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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 额尔齐斯河流域不同来源哲罗鲑形态及COⅠ基因比较研究 水生生物学报 2020 (1) 36-43
Position: Home > Articles > MORPHOLOGY AND COⅠGENES OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF HUCHO TAIMEN IN THE IRTYSH RIVER BASIN Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 2020 (1) 36-43

额尔齐斯河流域不同来源哲罗鲑形态及COⅠ基因比较研究

作  者：
郭爱民;喀迪尔丁·艾尔肯;焦丽;郝翠兰;陈琳;潘国强;谢志胜;张文润;容梦婕;岳城
单  位：
新疆众力洋渔业科技有限公司;新疆农业大学动物医学学院;布尔津县额河特有冷水鱼繁育开发有限公司
关键词：
哲罗鲑;形态鉴定;COⅠ基因;额尔齐斯河;黑龙江
摘  要：
为对哲罗鲑(Hucho)的引种放流和土著物种的保护提供科学依据,研究采集了数尾来源于天然水域的哲罗鲑(Hucho BHB和Hucho BEJ),与引进的哲罗鲑(Hucho HLJ)一起进行了形态特点观察描述,同时对COⅠ基因扩增测序并从GenBank下载哲罗鲑属COⅠ基因构建系统发育树、计算遗传距离进行分子生物学比较研究。结果显示, Hucho BEJ和Hucho HLJ形态特点相一致, Hucho BHB与其他两种来源的哲罗鲑在体色、斑点大小等均有差异。基于COⅠ基因的系统发育树显示几种不同来源的哲罗鲑均与太门哲罗鲑(H. taimen)聚为一个大的分枝,但在这个分枝下, Hucho BEJ和Hucho HLJ与俄罗斯阿穆尔河(中国称黑龙江)的哲罗鲑聚为一枝,而Hucho BHB单独形成一支。基于COⅠ基因的遗传矩阵显示, Hucho BEJ和Hucho HLJ与俄罗斯阿穆尔河的哲罗鲑遗传距离较近(0—0.0044),而Hucho BHB与Hucho BEJ、Hucho HLJ及俄罗斯阿穆尔河的哲罗鲑遗传距离较远(0.0057—0.0082)。这说明Hucho BHB在形态和基因序列上与Hucho HLJ及俄罗斯阿穆尔河的哲罗鲑具有较大差异,可能是不同的生态地理类型, Hucho BEJ和Hucho HLJ在形态和基因序列上基本一致,我们推测Hucho BEJ是放流或养殖场逃逸的哲罗鲑。
译  名：
MORPHOLOGY AND COⅠGENES OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF HUCHO TAIMEN IN THE IRTYSH RIVER BASIN
作  者：
GUO Ai-Min;Kadirdin Alken;JIAO Li;HAO Cui-Lan;CHEN Lin;PAN Guo-Qiang;XIE Zhi-Sheng;ZHANG Wen-Run;RONG Meng-Jie;YUE Cheng;College of Animal Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University;Xinjiang Zhongliyang Fishery Technology Co., Ltd.;Burqin County Irtysh River Special Cold Water Fish Breeding Development Co., Ltd.;
关键词：
Hucho;;Morphological identification;;COⅠgene;;Irtysh River;;Heilongjiang
摘  要：
Hucho taimen belong to endangered species. It is distributed in the Irtysh River basin and the Heilongjiang River basin, but the geographic isolation has existed between two basins chronically. Differences in the morphology and anatomy of Hucho in the two basins have been reported, yet the differences in gene sequences remain unclear. Several Hucho were collected from natural waters(Hucho BHB and Hucho BEJ), and introduced from Heilongjiang(Hucho HLJ). The morphological characteristics were described. The COⅠ gene was amplified and sequenced, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by downloading the COⅠgenes from GenBank. The results indicated that Hucho BEJ and Hucho HLJ had the same morphological characteristics, and Hucho BHB differed from the other two species on body color and spot size. The phylogenetic tree based on the COⅠgene showed that the three different Hucho and H. taimen were clustered into one large branch, and that Hucho BEJ, Hucho HLJ and Russia's Amur River(called the Heilongjiang River in China) were gathered into a common group, and Hucho BHB was another separate group. Based on the genetic matrix of the COⅠgene, Hucho BEJ and Hucho HLJ had similar genetic distance with the Russian Amur River(0—0.0044), and Hucho BHB was far away from Hucho BEJ, Hucho HLJ and Hucho of Russian Amur River(called the Heilong River in China)(0.0057—0.0082). These results indicated that Hucho BHB in morphology and gene sequence is quite different from Hucho HLJ and Russia's Amur River(called the Heilongjiang River in China), which maybe belong to different ecological and geographical types. The almost identical morphology and gene sequence between Hucho BEJ and Hucho HLJ demonstrated that Hucho BEJ was a species released into the river or escaped from the farm.

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