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中国土地制度的历史追溯与反思

作  者:
李先东;李录堂;米巧
单  位:
西北农林科技大学经济管理学院
关键词:
土地制度;历史追溯;变迁轨迹;历史经验;改革
摘  要:
从历史角度,运用文献分析法和归纳演绎法追溯中国土地制度变迁轨迹,同时总结历史改革经验,为当下土地制度改革提供参考,推动中国农村土地制度改革。研究表明,中国古代土地制度变迁是公有制(国有制)与私有制的循环过程;土地制度的变迁是多方利益主体博弈的均衡过程;土地所有制结构和土地产权交易形式在历史演变中不断丰富。对于当下,(1)土地制度改革不应为土地流转而流转,要以产业为支撑调动社会生产积极性。(2)土地制度变迁是国家、集体和农民三个主体之间利益博弈的结果,权衡好国家与各利益主体的博弈是土地制度改革成败的关键。(3)"三权分置"改革背景下,土地市场化改革将成为主流趋势,而土地混合结构化的改革思路不失为有益探索。
译  名:
Historical Retrospection and Reflection of Chinese Land System
作  者:
LI Xiandong;LI Lutang;MI Qiao;
关键词:
Land system;;Historical tracing;;Reform
摘  要:
From a historical perspective,using literature analysis method and inductive deductive method traces the Chinese land institutional change path,summarizes historical reform experience at the same time,provide a reference for the present land system reform,to promote China's rural land system reform. The research results show that the change of China's ancient land system is the circulation process of public ownership( state ownership) and private ownership. The change of land system is the equilibrium process of multi-stakeholder game. The land ownership structure and the land property right transaction form have been enriched in the historical evolution. The main conclusion:( 1) the land system reform should not be transferred to the land circulation,but the industry should be used to mobilize the initiative of social production.( 2) the change of land system is the result of the game of interests between the state,the collective and the peasants,and it is the key to the success or failure of the landsystem reform to balance the game between the state and the interests.( 3) under the background of"three-right separation"reform,land marketization reform will become the mainstream trend,while the reform idea of land mix and structure is a beneficial exploration.

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