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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 气温对湖北架子牛育肥的影响 湖北农业科学 2017 (1) 99-102+106
Position: Home > Articles > The Effects of Air Temperature on Fattening of Store Cattle Hubei Agricultural Sciences 2017 (1) 99-102+106

气温对湖北架子牛育肥的影响

作  者：
马怡红;刘桂琼
单  位：
华中农业大学动物科技学院
关键词：
气温;架子牛;育肥;运输
摘  要：
为研究气温对湖北架子牛育肥的影响,收集牛场全年架子牛育肥体重数据,分析一年中不同气温对架子牛长途运输体重损失、散养和圈养架子牛增重的影响。结果表明,冬季气温低时长途运输架子牛的体重损失最低,4~10月体重损失显著升高,3月和11月体重损失最高。体重越大,运输后体重损失也越大,但340 kg以上架子牛运输后体重损失和失重率稳定;架子牛育肥初始体重不影响散养和圈养架子牛增重;在散养和圈养条件下,育肥期越长,肉牛增重越大,但散养育肥期120 d以上和圈养育肥期160 d以上架子牛增重不明显;在散养条件下,气温越低,育肥增重越高,说明散养肉牛宜在冬季开始,不宜在夏季高温时进行;在圈养条件下,冬季气温最低时育肥增重显著降低,气温超过8℃则肉牛增重稳定,表明宜在气温8℃以上环境圈养肉牛,过低气温影响其增重。研究结果表明,在湖北省异地育肥肉牛时,架子牛育肥的最佳饲养模式为:冬季购买340 kg以上的架子牛,将其通过散养方式饲养不超过120 d至400 kg左右,再通过圈养方式饲养不超过160 d至出售。
译  名：
The Effects of Air Temperature on Fattening of Store Cattle
作  者：
MA Yi-hong;LIU Gui-qiong;College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University;
关键词：
temperature;;store cattle;;fatten;;transportation
摘  要：
Body weight of store cattle in a farm was recorded to analyze the effects of temperature on weight loss after transportation, weight gain after free range and captive pens in Hubei province. The results showed that weight loss after long distance transportation of low temperature in winter were the smallest,and weight loss of high temperature from April to October increased significantly,however,weight loss of medium temperature in March and November were the highest. Weight loss after transportation increased with body weight, but the weight loss and the rate of weight loss were stable when the body weight was more than 340 kg. The initial body weight of store cattle didn 't affect weight gain of cattle after free range and captive rearing. Weight gain of cattle increased with the duration of fattening, however, it didn't increase after being reared 120 days free range and 160 days captive rearing. Low temperature was beneficial to weight gain of free range,so fattening of store cattle should begin in winter. Under captive rearing, weight gain decreased significantly with low temperature in winter,and it increased and was stable under temperature more than 8 ℃. All the results indicated that the best method of rearing store cattle in Hubei province was as follows: store cattle with more than 340 kg body weight are bought in winter and transported to farms in Hubei province, reared in free range for no more than 120 days until the body weight is about 400 kg,then reared in captive pens for no more than 160 days to reach the body weight for market.

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