作 者：
李振通;田永胜;成美玲;吴玉萍;张晶晶;李子奇;王林娜;马文辉;庞尊方;孙礼娟;翟介明
单 位：
上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所/农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室/海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室;大连海洋大学水产与生命学院;莱州明波水产有限公司
关键词：
驼背鲈;蓝身大斑石斑鱼;杂交;胚胎发育;变态发育
摘 要：
为培育具有优良性状的石斑鱼新品种,利用杂交育种技术开展以驼背鲈(Chromileptes altivelis)为母本、蓝身大斑石斑鱼(Epinephelus tukula)为父本的杂交育种试验。借助人工授精技术,同时以驼背鲈作为对照,利用显微镜(Nikon E200)以及解剖镜(Olympus)对杂交子代以及驼背鲈的胚胎发育和生长状况进行观察、测量与比较。结果显示,在水温27℃、盐度30、pH 8.1,微流水、微充气的条件下,杂交子代受精卵经历24 h 50 min完成胚胎发育,驼背鲈为25 h 8 min。胚后发育经历前期仔鱼(0～3日龄)、后期仔鱼(4～40日龄)、稚鱼期(41～60日龄)和幼鱼期(61日龄以后) 4个时期完成变态发育。至330日龄时杂交子代与驼背鲈全长分别为(23.57±0.94) cm、(18.35±0.72) cm,体质量分别为(220.5±25.3) g、(142.6±0.58) g,杂交子代生长速度快,全长与体质量分别是驼背鲈的1.28与1.55倍;与驼背鲈在外部形态上相比,杂交子代体型细长,头部较大,体表有无序分布的黑色圆斑纹,各部分鳍小。通过对杂交子代胚胎发育及仔稚幼鱼发育的跟踪观察,发现驼背鲈(♀)×蓝身大斑石斑鱼(♂)远缘杂交组合是可行的,而且杂交子代具有生长速度快的杂交优势,为石斑鱼远缘杂交和石斑鱼新品种的培育提供了科学依据。
译 名：
Comparison of development and growth of hybrid Chromileptes altivelis(♀) × Epinephelus tukula(♂)
作 者：
LI Zhentong;TIAN Yongsheng;CHENG Meiling;WU Yuping;ZHANG Jingjing;LI Ziqi;WANG Linna;MA Wenhui;PANG Zunfang;SUN Lijuan;ZHAI Jieming;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes/Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao);College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University;Mingbo Aquatic Co.Ltd.;
关键词：
Chromileptes altivelis;;Epinephelus tukula;;Hybridization;;Embryonic development;;Metamorphosis development
摘 要：
We performed breeding experiments with Chromileptes altivelis as the female parent and Epinephelus tukula as the male parent by artificial fertilization to breed new species of groupers with excellent traits. Besides, we observed and compared the embryonic development and growth characteristics of C. altivelis(♀) ×E. tukula(♂) and C. altivelis by microscope(Nikon E200) and anatomic microscope(Olympus). The results show that the fertilized eggs of the hybrid and C. altivelis took 24 h 50 min and 25 h 8 min to accomplish the embryo development under the conditions of water temperature 27 ℃, salinity 30, pH 8.1 with the micro-flowing water and micro-inflated water, respectively. The post-embryonic development of the hybrid had experienced four stages of early larva(0-3 d), late larva(4-40 d), juvenile(41-60 d) and young fish stages(after 61 d). At 330 days of age, the total lengths of the hybrid and C. altivelis were(23.57±0.94) cm and(18.35±0.72) cm, respectively; and the body masses were(220.5±25.3) g and(142.6±0.58) g, respectively. The total length and body mass of the hybrid were 1.28 and 1.55 times that of the C. altivelis, respectively. Compared with C. altivelis in the external morphological traits, the hybrid was slender and the head was larger, the black spots on the body surface was distributed disorderly, and the fins of each part was relatively small. Based on our tracking observation on embryo and larval development of hybrid, it is confirmed that the distant hybridization combination of C. altivelis(♀) ×E. tukula(♂)is feasible, and the hybrid shows the merit of heterosis, which provides scientific basis for distant hybridization and the cultivation of new varieties of groupers.
