单 位：
水土保持国家林业局重点实验室(北京林业大学)
摘 要：
为了研究胡枝子在改良废弃矿渣基质中的生长效果,确定最优基质配比,按照不同比例使用采石场弃渣、牛粪堆肥、芦苇杆、园林废弃物等覆土基质设计正交试验,确定9种不同的基质配方,通过盆栽试验研究各组基质的理化性质以及灌木胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.)的出苗率、生长指标效应。结果表明:1)改良基质均显著提高胡枝子的出苗率、株高以及土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾等含量,显著降低土壤p H值; 2)处理方法对各指标影响不同,S8组较其他组均显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾等含量; 3)改良基质促进土壤持水量和孔隙度增大、密度降低。综上,筛选出适宜灌木胡枝子生长的较优基质质量配方为采石场弃渣3 kg,牛粪400 g,芦苇杆与园林废弃物用秸秆腐熟剂腐熟完全后按150∶40质量比例与渣土和牛粪均匀混合施用;通过数据分析对比可知,改良基质可以中和土壤碱性并提高土壤肥力,改善土壤通气能力和透水能力,促进胡枝子生长。通过确定最优基质配比,为矿山生态恢复与重建提供理论支持,从而提升矿区生态效益和经济效益。
译 名：
Growth effect of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. after the quarry slag substrate improved
作 者：
YAN Yechen;ZHANG Yan;ZHAO Tingning;WU Hailong;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation( Beijing Forest University);School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University;
关键词：
slag;;Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.;;physical and chemical properties;;growth indicator
摘 要：
[Background] With the development of the social economy and the improvement of industrialization,people's demand and development degrees for natural mineral resources have been becoming higher and higher. However,mining has caused severe damage to the landscape and natural ecosystems. In addition,a large amount of solid waste such as biological feces,reed rods,garden waste cause secondary pollution for the environment,thereby affecting the normal life of human beings. How to reduce the cost of ecological restoration of abandoned mines,and scientifically and rationally dispose of these solid wastes are two issues to be solved urgently. [Methods]The slag mixed with cow dung,reed rods and garden waste according to different mass ratio was made into green substrate,and the Lespedeza with salt,alkali and barren resistance was used as experimental object,focusing on the characteristics of p H,organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and seedling rate under the effect of green substrate. The key factors affecting the water-holding of the substrate and plant growth were explored,and the optimal substrate ratio was determined through comprehensive analysis. Data were analyzed according to ANOVA by SPSS statistical software,and the significant differences among means were identified by LSD's multiple range tests at a significance level of P < 0. 05,and all data were presented as mean ± SE. [Results] 1) The improved substrate significantly increased seedling rate,growth height,soil organic matter,total nitrogen( TN),total phosphorus( TP),total kalium( TK) and other contents,and significantly reduced soil p H value. 2) The different treatment methods had different effects on each indicator. The contents of soil organic matter,TN,TP,TK,etc. significantly increased in the S8 group compared with other groups. 3) Under the improved substrate,soil physical properties increased water-holding capacity and porosity and decreased bulk density. [Conculsions] The optimal substrate formula suitable for the growth of Lespedeza is selected ratio of reed rod to garden waste as 150∶ 40. Through data analysis and comparison,the improved substrate could neutralize soil alkalinity,improve soil fertility,and improve soil water permeability and ventilation capacity. The study may provide theoretical support for mine ecological restoration and reconstruction,thereby improving the ecological and economic benefits of the mining area by determining the optimal substrate ratio.
