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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同施氮条件下杂交中籼稻的群体质量与产量形成 中国生态农业学报 2008,16 (5) 1083-1089
Position: Home > Articles > Population quality and grain yield construction of mid-season indica hybrid rice "Wandao153" under different N applications Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 2008,16 (5) 1083-1089

不同施氮条件下杂交中籼稻的群体质量与产量形成

作  者：
吴文革;杨联松;苏泽胜;张玉海;白一松
单  位：
安徽农业大学农学院;安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所
关键词：
杂交中籼水稻;施氮量;产量构成;群体质量;氮肥农学利用率
摘  要：
以超高产中籼杂交水稻"皖稻153"为材料,在大田条件下,比较了不同施氮量对杂交中籼水稻群体质量、氮肥利用和产量形成的影响。结果表明,150 kg(N).hm-2、187.5 kg(N).hm-2、225.0 kg(N).hm-2、262.5 kg(N).hm-2和300.0 kg(N).hm-2等5种施氮量下杂交中籼稻产量差异显著,在150~262.5 kg(N).hm-2范围内,产量随施氮量增加而增加,以262.5 kg.hm-2施氮处理的产量最高(11 355 kg.hm-2),施氮量增加到300.0 kg(N).hm-2产量下降。不同施氮处理间产量差异主要是因为群体颖花量的差异,施氮量与群体颖花量呈极显著正相关(r=0.963 5**)。施氮量明显影响群体质量,适宜施氮量(262.5 kg.hm-2)能保证杂交中籼水稻达到较高的叶面积指数(LAI)和粒叶比,在抽穗期维持较高的叶片干物质分配比例和单茎叶片重,有利于后期植株光合能力的提高和光合产物的积累,使后期物质积累的贡献率提高,从而增加产量。适宜施氮量(262.5 kg.hm-2)的氮肥农学利用率也最高。推荐江淮稻区杂交中籼稻超高产栽培的适宜施氮量为262.5 kg.hm-2。
译  名：
Population quality and grain yield construction of mid-season indica hybrid rice "Wandao153" under different N applications
作  者：
WU Wen-Ge1,YANG Lian-Song1,SU Ze-Sheng1,ZHANG Yu-Hai1,2,BAI Yi-Song1,ZHAO Jue-Jian3,HU Gen-Sheng3,FANG Wen-Jie3(1.Center for Rice Cultivation Technology Innovation in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Institute of RiceScience,Anhui Agricultural Academy,Hefei 230031,China;2.School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;3.Tongcheng City Center for Agricultural Extension,Anhui Province,Tongcheng 231402,China)
关键词：
Mid-season indica hybrid rice,Nitrogen fertilizer application rate,Yield construction,Population quality,Agronomic nitrogen utilization efficiency
摘  要：
The effects of nitrogen application on the population quality,grain yield construction and utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in mid-season indica hybrid rice "Wandao153" were investigated under field conditions.Five nitrogen treatments were set at 0 kg(N)·hm-2,150.0 kg(N)·hm-2,187.5 kg(N)·hm-2,225.0 kg(N)·hm-2,262.5 kg(N)·hm-2 and 300.0 kg(N)·hm-2 respectively.The results show that the rate of nitrogen fertilizer application has a significant effect on grain yield.Between 0 ~ 300 kg(N)·hm-2 nitrogen fertilization,indica hybrid rice yield initially increases to its maximum at 262.5 kg(N)·hm-2,and then drastically decreases at 300 kg(N)·hm-2.Relation between N application rate and grain yield follows a uni-peak curve,peaking at 11 355 kg·hm-2 grain yield of 262.5 kg(N)·hm-2,with the most apparent yield-increasing effect at 150~225 kg(N)·hm-2.The important factor for yield difference with different N application rates is variations in the number of spikelet which has a significant direct correlation with N application rate(r = 0.963 5**).Nitrogen fertilizer application markedly affects the population quality of indica hybrid rice.Appropriate N application rate enhances LAI and grain-leaf area ratio of mid-season indica hybrid rice,and also maintains higher rates of leaf dry-matter and blade weight per shoot at heading stage.This is conducive for increasing plant photosynthetic capability and dry-matter accumulation at the late stage,apparently enhancing conversion rate of dry-matter after heading,while keeping plants from early senescence and increasing lodging resistance at the late stage with high agronomic nitrogen utilization efficiency.The recommended amount of applied N for mid-season indica hybrid rice(for a super-high yield) in Jianghuai Region is 262.5 kg(N)·hm-2.

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