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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 30年放牧草地和耕作农地土壤矿物、颗粒组成及磁性特征比较 土壤通报 2019 (2) 253-259
Position: Home > Articles > Soil Mineral, Mechanical Composition and Magnetic Characteristics of Grazing Grassland and Farmland in 30 Years Chinese Journal of Soil Science 2019 (2) 253-259

30年放牧草地和耕作农地土壤矿物、颗粒组成及磁性特征比较

作  者：
袁杰;曹广超;鄂崇毅;刁二龙;曲聪聪
单  位：
青海师范大学研究生院;青海师范大学青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室
关键词：
放牧模式;耕作模式;高寒地区;土壤矿物
摘  要：
结合遥感图像解译,对青海湖北部近30年未变耕地和草地进行采样,对采集样品土壤矿物组成、机械组成及磁化率进行测定的基础上利用统计方法对各指标进行分析。结果表明:耕地和草地土壤矿物组成种类基本相同,都由原生矿物石英和钠长石,次生矿物方解石、斜绿泥石、白云母及其它少量白云石和菱铁矿组成,其中耕地土壤除石英含量显著(P <0.05)大于草地外,方解石、钠长石、斜绿泥石及白云母平均含量都小于草地;耕地土壤磁化率均值(54.33×10~(-8) m~3 kg~(-1))明显大于草地(46.11×10~(-8) m 3 kg~(-1))且两类用地土壤磁化率在剖面上以20 cm为界,界上两者差异不大,界下两者差异显著(P <0.05);两类用地土壤机械组成存在显著差异(P <0.05),其中耕地土壤砂含量明显大于草地,而粉砂和黏粒含量则明显小于草地。在不受人为影响或受人为活动影响较小的背景下,青海湖区域土壤将趋于同质性,而放牧模式较耕作模式是该区域较理想的土地资源利用方式。
译  名：
Soil Mineral, Mechanical Composition and Magnetic Characteristics of Grazing Grassland and Farmland in 30 Years
作  者：
YUAN Jie;CAO Guang-chao;E Chong-yi;DIAO Er-long;QU Cong-cong;Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University;Graduate School of Qinghai Normal University;
单  位：
YUAN Jie%CAO Guang-chao%E Chong-yi%DIAO Er-long%QU Cong-cong%Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University%Graduate School of Qinghai Normal University
关键词：
Grazing mode;;Tillage mode;;Alpine region;;Soil mineral
摘  要：
According to the remote sensing interpretation image, soil samples were collected from the grassland and farmland in the northern part of Qinghai in the past 30 years. Soil mineral composition, mechanical composition and magnetic susceptibility of samples were determined. The soil mineral compositions of farmland and grassland were basically same, which were consists of primary mineral quartz, albite and secondary mineral calcite, clinochlore,white-mica and other minor dolomite and siderite. The content of calcite in the farmland soil was significantly greater(P < 0.05) than that in the grassland soil. The average contents of calcite, albite, clinochlore and white-mica in the farmland were smaller than those in the grassland. The mean soil magnetic susceptibility in the farmland(54.33 ×10~(-8) m~3 kg~(-1)) was significantly greater than that in the grassland(46.11 × 10~(-8) m~3 kg~(-1)). It was not significantly different(P > 0.05) between the two types of land use above 20 cm soil depth, but was clearly different(P < 0.05)below 20 cm depth. The percentage of sand in the farmland soil was significantly greater(P < 0.05) than that in the grassland soil, while the percentage of silt and clay was significantly lower(P < 0.05) than that in the grassland soil.Under the background of no or less human activities, the soil would tend to be homogenous, and the grazing is an ideal mode of land utilization compared with the tillage in the region of the Qinghai Lake.

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