关键词：
蔬菜钵苗;高速移栽机;吊杯式栽植器;参数优化
摘 要：
为了获取高速状态下蔬菜钵苗移栽机吊杯式栽植器的最佳工作参数,设计了移栽参数可调的栽植器试验台,并进行了钵苗移栽土槽试验。采用二次正交旋转中心组合设计法,以移栽速度、特征参数和吊杯倾角为影响因子,以直立度合格率、株距变异系数和栽植深度合格率为响应值,利用SAS 9.1软件进行回归分析和响应曲面分析,探究单因子及交互因子对响应值的影响效应,并结合非线性优化计算方法,对栽植器的结构参数和工作参数进行优化计算。结果表明:在满足栽植频率大于90株/min的高速移栽状态下,各因子对直立度合格率的影响贡献由大到小为吊杯倾角、特征参数、移栽速度;对株距变异系数的影响贡献由大到小为移栽速度、特征参数、吊杯倾角;对栽植深度合格率的影响贡献由大到小为移栽速度、吊杯倾角、特征参数。优化所得栽植器最佳参数条件:移栽速度为0.47 m/s、特征参数为1.18、吊杯倾角为87°,此时理论最优值为直立度合格率98.01%、株距变异系数5.93%、栽植深度合格率89.25%,优化后验证试验表明直立度合格率为96.6%,株距变异系数为6.1%,栽植深度合格率为87.8%,试验结果与理论结果一致,所建立的回归模型合理;优化后直立度合格率、栽植深度合格率较优化前分别提高5.8、3.6个百分点,也高于国家和行业标准规定的指标值。
译 名：
Parameter Optimization for Dibble-type Planting Apparatus of Vegetable Pot Seedling Transplanter in High-speed Condition
作 者：
Wang Yongwei;Tang Yanhai;Wang Jun;Cheng Shaoming;School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University;
关键词：
vegetable pot seedling;;high-speed transplanter;;dibble-type planting apparatus;;parameter optimization
摘 要：
In order to obtain the optimum operating parameters for the dibble-type planting apparatus of vegetable pot seedling transplanter in high-speed condition,a test-bed with adjusted parameters was designed and a soil trough experiment was conducted for seedling transplanting. A central composite design method of second order regression orthogonal rotation was carried out with transplanting speed,characteristic parameter and oblique angle of dibble as experimental factors and with qualification ratio of perpendicularity,variation coefficient of planting spacing and qualification ratio of planting depth as response values. By using SAS 9. 1 regression analysis method and response surface method,both single factor and interactive factor on response values were analyzed. Combined with nonlinear optimization calculation method,the structural parameters and working parameters were calculated optimally. The results obtained in the condition of high transplanting speed( 90 seedlings per minute) indicated that,in terms of significant degree,the influence factors of qualification ratio of perpendicularity were oblique angle of dibble,characteristic parameter and transplanting speed; the influence factors of variation coefficient of planting spacing were transplanting speed,characteristic parameter and oblique angle of dibble; the influence factors of qualification ratio of planting depth were transplanting speed,oblique angle of dibble and characteristic parameter. The optimum parameter condition of the dibble-type plantingapparatus after optimizing was 0. 47 m / s of transplanting speed,1. 18 of characteristic parameter and 87°of oblique angle of dibble. At this time,qualification ratio of perpendicularity achieved theoretical optimum value of 98. 01%,variation coefficient of planting spacing was 5. 93%,and qualification ratio of planting depth was 89. 25%. Through verification by an experiment in optimum condition, the experimental value of qualification ratio of perpendicularity was 96. 6%,variation coefficient of planting spacing was 6. 1%,and qualification ratio of planting depth was 87. 8%,which indicated that the experimental results and predicted results were consistent,and regression models established by the experiment were appropriate. According to comparison of transplanting performance before and after parameter optimization,qualification ratio of perpendicularity and qualification ratio of planting depth increased by 5. 8 percent and 3. 6 percent respectively,and transplanting performance was superior to the technique indexes of national and industry standards as well.
