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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 高糖饲料中添加蛋氨酸铬对鲤生长性能、抗氧化、血清生化指标及肝胰脏健康的影响 饲料研究 2025,48 (1) 84-89
Position: Home > Articles > 高糖饲料中添加蛋氨酸铬对鲤生长性能、抗氧化、血清生化指标及肝胰脏健康的影响 Feed Research 2025,48 (1) 84-89

高糖饲料中添加蛋氨酸铬对鲤生长性能、抗氧化、血清生化指标及肝胰脏健康的影响

作  者：
崔培;李楠;李民;暴丽梅;耿振洲;杨骏;张永明;孙金辉
单  位：
天津市宝坻区农业发展服务中心;天津市水产研究所;天津市绿色生态饲料重点实验室天津现代天骄农业科技股份有限公司
关键词：
高糖饲料;蛋氨酸铬;抗氧化;肝胰脏健康;鲤
摘  要：
试验旨在探究高糖饲料中添加蛋氨酸铬（CrMet）对鲤的生长性能、抗氧化、血清生化指标和肝胰脏健康的影响。选择初重为（86.61±6.68） g、健康状况良好的鲤180尾，随机分为3组，每组3个重复，每个重复20尾鲤。配置3种饲料：对照组（CK组，糖水平25%）、高糖组（HCD组，糖水平45%），高糖饲料添加组(HCD+Cr组，1 mg/kg Cr3+)。预试期1 w，正式试验期60 d。结果显示，长期投喂高糖饲料未对鲤生长性能造成负面影响，但导致血清中葡萄糖（GLU）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）含量、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性以及肝胰脏丙二醛（MDA）含量显著升高（P<0.05），总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著降低（P<0.05），造成氧化应激，而长期氧化应激状态使促炎因子干扰素-γ （IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-1β （IL-1β）水平显著升高（P<0.05）；添加CrMet对鲤生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05），但与HCD组相比，鲤血清中GLU、LDL含量、ALT和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性、肝胰脏AKP活性、MDA含量以及IL-1β、IFN-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α （TNF-α）水平（P<0.05）显著降低，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量、GSH-Px、SOD及CAT活性（P<0.05）显著升高。组织学结果显示，添加CrMet能明显改善鲤肝细胞变性程度。研究表明，摄食高糖饲料后，鲤处于氧化应激状态，诱发炎症反应，添加1 mg/kg CrMet可提高鲤肝胰脏抗氧化力，缓解高糖饲料诱发的炎症反应，缓解肝损伤。
关键词：
high carbohydrate feed%CrMet%antioxidant%hepatopancreas health%common carp
摘  要：
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding chromium methionine(CrMet)to high carbohydrate feed on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity,serum biochemical indicators,and hepatopancreas health in common carp.A total of 180 healthy carp with an initial weight of(86.61±6.68)g were randomly divided into three groups,with three replicates per group and 20 carp per replicate.Three types of feed were prepared:Control group(CK,carbohydrate level 25％),high carbohydrate group(HCD,carbohydrate level 45％),and high carbohydrate feed supplemented with CrMet(HCD+Cr,1 mg/kg Cr3+).The preliminary period was one week,and the formal experimental period was 60 days.The results showed that long-term feeding with high carbohydrate feed did not negatively affect the growth performance of common carp,but it led to a significant increase in the levels of glucose(GLU),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the serum and hepatopancreas of common carp(P＜0.05),and a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities(P＜0.05),causing oxidative stress.Prolonged oxidative stress conditions significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in common carp(P＜0.05).The addition of CrMet had no significant effect on the growth performance of common carp(P＞0.05),but compared with the HCD group,the levels of GLU,LDL,GPT,and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity,AKP activity,MDA content,and IL-1β,IFN-γ,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels in the serum of common carp were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while the levels of high-density lipoprotein(HDL),GSH-Px,SOD,and CAT activities were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Histological results showed that the addition of CrMet could significantly improve the degree of degeneration of common carp hepatocytes.The study indicates that after consuming high carbohydrate feed,common carp were in a state of oxidative stress,inducing inflammatory responses.The addition of 1 mg/kg CrMet can enhance the antioxidant capacity of common carp hepatopancreas,alleviate inflammation induced by high carbohydrate feed,and mitigate liver damage.

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