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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 柱型苹果和矮生型梨组培苗叶片表皮结构研究 果树学报 2010,27 (1) 1-7
Position: Home > Articles > Studies on the leaf epidermal structure of columnar apple and dwarf pear seedlings in vitro Journal of Fruit Science 2010,27 (1) 1-7

柱型苹果和矮生型梨组培苗叶片表皮结构研究

作  者：
梁美霞;葛红娟;戴洪义
单  位：
青岛农业大学园林园艺学院
关键词：
柱型苹果;矮化梨;表皮;气孔;扫描电镜
摘  要：
以柱型和普通型苹果各3个品种,矮生型和普通型梨各3个杂种实生苗的组培苗为试材,用扫描电镜观察其叶片表皮结构。结果表明,供试苹果和梨组培苗叶片上表皮细胞均为不规则的多边形,排列无方向性,上表皮无气孔分布。柱型和普通型苹果的上表皮细胞平均密度分别为2986个·mm-2和2087个·mm-2;矮生型和普通型梨的上表皮细胞平均密度分别为2633个·mm-2和1635个·mm-2。柱型苹果和矮生型梨的上表皮细胞密度分别显著高于其普通型。苹果和梨组培苗叶片下表皮气孔分布密集,气孔类型均为无规则型。柱型和普通型苹果的气孔平均长×宽分别为23.21μm×19.58μm和24.17μm×22.96μm,气孔密度平均分别为401.17个·mm-2和262.50个·mm-2;而矮生型和普通型梨气孔平均长×宽分别为29.57μm×20.30μm和26.93μm×24.51μm,气孔密度平均分别为265.67个·mm-2和158.00个·mm-2。柱型苹果、矮生型梨和其普通型之间的气孔长度差异不明显,而气孔宽度均显著小于其普通型,气孔密度均显著高于其普通型。
译  名：
Studies on the leaf epidermal structure of columnar apple and dwarf pear seedlings in vitro
作  者：
LIANG Mei-xia1,2,GE Hong-juan2,DAI Hong-yi2 (1College of Horticulture and Landscape,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128 China; 2College of Landscape and Horticulture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109 China)
关键词：
Columnar apple; Dwarfing pear; Epidermis; Stomata; Scanning electronic microscope (SEM)
摘  要：
Plantlets generated in vitro from 3 apple cultivars with columnar tree type including Telamon,Lujia No. 5 and Lujia No. 6 and 3 cultivars with standard tree type including Fuji,Lujia No. 2 and Lujia No.3 and dwarfing and vigorous hybrid pear seedlings were used for studying their leaf epidermal structure characteristics using scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The results showed that the upper leaf epidermal cells of both apple and pear plantlets were usually irregular polygons and were arrayed in different directions. There were no stomata on their upper epidermis. The densities of upper epidermal cells of columnar apple and dwarf pear plantlets were obviously higher than those of standard type respectively. The average densities of upper epidermal cells were 2 986·mm-2 and 2 087·mm-2 for columnar and standard apple plantlets respectively and 2 633·mm-2 and 1 635·mm-2 for dwarf and standard pear plantlets respectively. There were lots of stomata distributed on the leaf lower epidermis of apple and pear. The type of stomata was mainly anomocytic. The average length and width of stomata of columnar and standard apples plantlets were 23.21 μm×19.58 μm and 24.17 μm×22.96 μm respectively. The average densities of stomata of columnar and standard apple plantlets were 401.17·mm-2 and 262.50·mm-2 respectively. The average length and width of stomata of dwarfing and standard pear plantlets were 29.57 μm×20.30 μm and 26.93 μm×24.51 μm re-spectively. The average densities of stomata of dwarfing and standard pear plantlets were 265.67·mm-2 and158.00·mm-2 re-spectively. There was no obvious difference at the length of stomata between two kinds of apple and pear plantlets. But the width of stomata of columnar apple and dwarf pear plantlets were obviously shorter than those of standard types. The stomata densities of columnar apple and dwarf pear plantlets were obviously higher than those of standard types.

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