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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 聚甘油醚表面活性剂的合成及性能 大豆科学 2009,28 (5) 142-145
Position: Home > Articles > Synthesis and Properties of Polyglyceryl Surfactants Soybean Science 2009,28 (5) 142-145

聚甘油醚表面活性剂的合成及性能

作  者：
刘学民;冯耀平;董月珍
单  位：
江南大学化学与材料工程学院
关键词：
甘油;3-氯-1,2-丙二醇;缩水甘油;十二胺聚甘油醚
摘  要：
以大豆油制取生物柴油的副产物甘油为原料,在乙酸的催化下与HC l反应合成出3-氯-1,2-丙二醇,在二氯甲烷溶剂中再与NaOH反应制得缩水甘油,通过气相色谱测定两步反应的产率分别为84.6%、89.6%,并用红外光谱进行了结构鉴定。将合成的缩水甘油与十二胺在碱催化下制备了不同聚合度的十二胺聚甘油醚表面活性剂,产率大于80%;以FTIR、ESI-MS确认了该表面活性剂的结构。用吊环法测定了该表面活性剂水溶液在25℃时的表面张力,考察了不同聚合度对其表面化学性质的影响。结果表明:十二胺二聚甘油醚、四聚甘油醚、六聚甘油醚水溶液的临界胶束浓度cm c(mmol.L-1)分别为0.32、0.055和0.20,先减小而后增大;最低表面张力cγm c(mN.m-1)分别为28.46、29.41和34.02,逐渐增大。该表面活性剂还具有良好的乳化、润湿及泡沫性能。
译  名：
Synthesis and Properties of Polyglyceryl Surfactants
作  者：
LIU Xue-min,FENG Yao-ping,Dong Yue-zhen(School of Chemical and Material Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China)
关键词：
Glycerin;3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol;Glycidol;Polyglyceryldodecylamine surfactants
摘  要：
3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol was firstly prepared by glycerin,which is the byproduct when producing biodiesel by soybean oil,and HCl under the catalysis of acetic acid.Then glycidol was prepared by 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol and NaOH in the Dichloromethane phase.Both of the products were analyzed with Gas Chromatogram,the yield of 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol was 84.6% and glyceriol was 89.6%.The structures of 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol and glyceriol were characterized by Infrared Spectrum.Polyglyceryl dodecylamine surfactants with different polymeric degrees were synthesized from dodecylamine and glycidol,the yield was no less than 80%.The structures of the final products were characterized by FTIR,ESI-MS.The surface tensions and critical micelle concentrations(cmc) of dilute aqueous solutions of these surfactants were measured at 25℃ by DuNouy ring method in order to investigate the effect of the different polymeric degrees on surface chemical properties.These results indicate that the values of cmc(mmol·L-1) were respectively 0.32,0.055 and 0.20.γcmc(mN·m-1) were respectively 28.46,29.41 and 34.02,which increases as polymerization degree increases.The surfactants also showed excellent properties of emulsification,wetting and foaming.

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