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Position: Home > Articles > Laboratory and numerical modelling of irrigation infiltration and nitrogen leaching in homogeneous soils Pedosphere 2023,34 (1)

Laboratory and numerical modelling of irrigation infiltration and nitrogen leaching in homogeneous soils

作  者：
Lei Wu;Ruizhi LI;Wei Yan;Zongjun GUO;Jiaheng LI;Hongjuan Yang;Xiaoyi M
单  位：
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 (China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 (China);Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX 76502 (USA); Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 (China)
关键词：
biochar;n leaching;no3;and c;ck;treatment
摘  要：
Nitrogen (N) plays a key role in crop growth and production, but data are lacking especially from the interaction of biochar, grass, and irrigation on N leaching in saturated soil profiles. Eighteen soil columns with 20 cm diameter and 60 cm height were designed to characterize effects of 0% biochar (C1, C2), 1% biochar (C3, C6), 2% biochar (C4, C7), and 3% biochar (C5, C8) under perennial ryegrass and Festuca arundinacea, respectively, on periodical irrigation infiltration and N leaching in homogeneous loessial soils, via bare soil and 0% biochar as the control (CK). Laboratory and numerical studies from July to December 2020 indicate that: (i) Leachates of CK treatment were 10.2%–35.3% higher than C1 and C2 treatments. Both perennial ryegrass and Festuca arundinacea slowed down the loss of leachates and delayed the infiltration process under 1%, 2%, and 3% biochar treatments, and the vertical infiltration rate decreased with the biochar addition. (ii) N leaching loss was concentrated in the first few leaching tests, both TN and NO3−-N concentrations in CK-C8 treatments decreased with the increase of leaching times. Biochar addition (1%, 2%, and 3%) could further reduce the leaching risk of NO3−-N, and the loss of NO3−-N decreased with the addition. However, compared with 1% biochar, 2% biochar promoted the leaching of TN under two grass covers. (iii) N leaching loss of CK, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6, and C7 are primarily in the form of NO3−-N. Among these treatments, CK, C1, and C2 dominates a high NO3−-N fraction of > 90%, and C3, C4, C6 and C7 are > 80%. All the NO3−-N leaching fractions decreased with the increase of leaching times and biochar addition, and 3% biochar reduced by up to 50% (C5 and C8). (iv) The one-dimensional Advective-Dispersive-Reactive (ADR) transport equation can be used as an effective numerical approach to simulate and predict nitrate and ammonium nitrogen leaching in saturated homogeneous soils. Understanding the effects of different biochar and grass combinations on N leaching losses, can help us design the environmentally-friendly interventions to manage irrigated farming ecosystems for reduction of N leaching to groundwater.

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