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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 西昆仑山2个海拔位点可培养细菌多样性分析 干旱区研究 2011,28 (6) 1071-1080
Position: Home > Articles > Diversity of Culturable Bacteria Isolated from Two Altitudes in the West Kunlun Mountains Arid Zone Research 2011,28 (6) 1071-1080

西昆仑山2个海拔位点可培养细菌多样性分析

作  者：
玛丽帕·吐达洪;阿不都外力·阿布都热依木;孜来古丽·米吉提;卡依尔·玉素甫;马丽艳木·阿木东;艾尼江·尔斯曼;祖母拉提·阿布都热依木;艾尔肯·热合曼
单  位：
新疆医科大学基础学院微生物教研室;新疆大学生命科学与技术学院
关键词：
可培养细菌;海拔高度;多样性指数;系统发育;菌种资源;昆仑山
摘  要：
以西昆仑山2个海拔样点的土样为对象,利用(LB和TSA)2种培养基,基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育,采用纯培养法对其可培养细菌多样性进行研究。2样点中共分离到91株细菌,分为25个属,52个种。厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)占总菌数的48.75%,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)占36.25%,γ-变形菌亚门(γ-Proteobacteria)占15%。其中,Bacillus属(占所有菌株的27%)为优势菌群,Arthrobacter属(占15%),Pseudomonas属(占10%)为次优势菌群。大多数菌株与其系统发育关系最密切的已知物种,其典型菌株之间存在一定的遗传差异,16S rRNA基因序列相似性为98.2%～99.9%;其中至少有10个菌株(占所有菌株的11%)代表潜在的新分类单元(它们与最近源模式菌株的16S rRNA基因序列相似性低于97.8%)。分离到的细菌大部分与土壤、冰川、海洋、盐湖、沙漠、动物内脏等环境分离的细菌具有高度相似性。辛普森多样性指数(Simpson’s diversity index);香农-威纳指数(Shannon-Wie-ner index);香农-威纳均匀度指数(Shannon-Wiener’s evenness index)分析显示,高海拔地区(3 100 m)可培养细菌多样性高于低海拔地区(2 795 m),而高海拔地区可培养细菌的分布均匀度则低于低海拔地区。表明西昆仑山可培养细菌不仅具有丰富的多样性,还蕴藏着较多具有地域特点的新菌种资源。
译  名：
Diversity of Culturable Bacteria Isolated from Two Altitudes in the West Kunlun Mountains
作  者：
Maripat Turdahun1,Abduwaly Abdurehim1,Zilaygul Mijit2,Khayir Yusuf1,Maryam Hamdun1,Ghenijan Osman1,Zumrat Abdurehim1,Erkin Rahman1(1.College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;2.Department of Microbiology,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,China)
关键词：
culturable bacterium;altitude;diversity index;phylogenetic;bacteria resources;Kunlun Mountains
摘  要：
The community structure and phylogenetic diversity of culturable bacteria in soil at two altitude-different sites(3 100 and 2 795 m a.s.l.) in the west Kunlun Mountains were investigated using the conventional culture dependent way,2 types of different cultural media(LB and TSA) and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons.Ninety-one representative culturable isolates from the two sampling sites were further classified and founded that they were placed in three main groups: 48.75% of the isolates were Firmicutes,36.25% were Actinobacteria and 15% were γ-Proteobacteria,they belong to 25 genera,Bacillus was the most widely distributed species and the predominant community in the 52 species,and it occupied 27% of the isolates.Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas were the sub-dominant communities,and they occupied 15% and 10% of the isolates respectively.Results of the Jukes-Cantor evolutionary distance matrix suggested that the majorities of the isolates were the different strains of known species(16S rRNA gene sequence similarities ranged from 98.2% to 99.9%),and the rest 10 of them may represent novel taxonomic units within the genera of Bacillus,Oceanobacillus,Jeotgalicoccus,Virgibacillus and Streptomyces.Most of our isolates had a high identity with the known bacteria from the marine,desert,saline lake and glaciers.Bacillus was the dominant genus,and then followed by Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas.The biodiversity index of the bacterial community structure indicated that the diversity index was higher at 3 100 m a.s.l.than that at 2 795 m.The results showed that the soil samples from the mountains provided a specific ecological niche for prolonging survival of diverse microbial lineages,there were a number of novel species,and there was also a high diversity in the west Kunlun Mountains.

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