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Position: Home > Articles > Preliminary research in flower bloom and Pollen shed of Pitaya Apiculture of China 2016,67 (3) 14-18

火龙果开花散粉规律初探

作  者：
戴雪香;樊莹;杨忠诚;董霞
单  位：
云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所;贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站
关键词：
红肉火龙果;开花动态;蜜蜂访花;花粉形态
摘  要：
通过对红皮红肉火龙果花蕾的整个生长过程、开花动态、蜜蜂访花情况、花部形态、泌蜜量及糖浓度和花粉形态的电镜扫描,分析火龙果与蜜蜂之间的协同作用。结果表明:火龙果花从小花蕾到开花需要22~24天,每一棵火龙果树平均有15个花蕾,每天以长1.2±0.5cm、直径0.2±0.05cm的速度生长。在不进行人工疏果的情况下,平均落蕾数为47.71%。火龙果花于17∶00柱头露出,18∶00萼裂片打开,柱头裂片微张,蜜蜂开始访花;凌晨5∶00,大量的蜜蜂出巢访花。火龙果花从萼裂片打开就开始泌蜜,一直到花凋谢,平均糖浓度为30%。花粉粒的直径为68.6μm近似球形。实验中观察到蜜蜂采集大量的花粉,并在柱头上留下花粉。
译  名：
Preliminary research in flower bloom and Pollen shed of Pitaya
作  者：
Dai Xuexiang;Fan Ying;Yang Zhongchen;Dong Xia;Apis Cerana Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University;The livestock or poultry genetic resource of management station;
关键词：
Red pitaya;;flowering dynamics;;bee pollination;;pollen
摘  要：
In order to analyze synergies between Pitaya with bee, through to observe the process of the buds whole growth, flowering dynamics, bee pollination, flower shape, quantity of nectar secrete and pollen of pitaya, The results showed that dragon fruit from small bud to bloom needs about 22 days, every tree hold 15 buds on average, Daily variation was 1.2 ± 0.5cm of length, 0.2 ±0.05 cm of diameter. In the case of without artificial fruit thinning, the average of bud drop rate is 47.71%. Pitaya flower stigma exposed at 17 ∶00 pm, calyx lobes open at 18 ∶00, when stigma lobes slightly open, bees began to visit; at 5 ∶00, a large number of bees visit flowers, 11 ∶00, the flowers wither, calyx soft,flowers droop and wither. When pitaya blooming that began to produce nectar until the flowers fade, the average sugar concentration is 30%. Pollen average diameter is 68.6μm and observed a lot of bees gathered a large number of pollen and leave some pollen on the stigma.

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