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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 施氮量对青贮大麦生产性能、氮肥利用率和品质的影响 新疆农业科学 2020 (5) 910-917
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Production Performance, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Quality of Barley Silage Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences 2020 (5) 910-917

施氮量对青贮大麦生产性能、氮肥利用率和品质的影响

作  者：
赵准;李剑;宋瑞娇;齐军仓
单  位：
新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室
关键词：
大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.);施氮量;产量;氮肥利用率;营养价值
摘  要：
【目的】研究新疆北部地区不同施氮量对青贮大麦生产性能、青贮原料品质和氮肥利用效率的影响。【方法】采用两因素随机区组设计,以2个大麦品种(垦啤麦13和甘啤4号)为研究对象,施氮量为0 (N0)、40 (N40)、80 (N80)和160 kg/hm~2(N160),分析青贮大麦的农艺性状、干物质产量、青贮原料营养成分和氮肥利用效率。【结果】青贮大麦的农艺性状、产量、品质和氮肥利用率显著受施氮量的影响。随着施氮量的增加,2个大麦品种的株高和总茎数显著增加,茎粗先增加后降低,不同施氮量下的阈值大小为总茎数>株高>茎粗。增加施氮使垦啤麦13茎、叶比例降低,穗比例增高,对甘啤4号无显著性影响。增加施氮使垦啤麦13和甘啤4号干草产量显著性增加,N160处理下最大,较N0处理增收76.1%和148.7%。施氮使2个品种大麦的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量降低,粗蛋白含量增加,垦啤麦13可溶性碳水化合物含量先增加后降低。氮肥偏生产力随施氮量增加显著性降低。2个品种氮肥农学利用效率N80处理下最大。【结论】新疆北部地区青贮大麦施氮量为80 kg/hm~2。
译  名：
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Production Performance, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Quality of Barley Silage
作  者：
ZHAO Zhun;LI Jian;SONG Ruijiao;QI Juncang;Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps;
关键词：
barley(Hordeum vulgare L.);;nitrogen application rate;;yield;;nitrogen utilization efficiency;;nutritional value
摘  要：
【Objective】 To explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the production performance, silage raw material quality and nitrogen use efficiency of silage barley in northern Xinjiang, a two-factor randomized block design was used, four nitrogen application rates(0(N0), 40(N40), 80(N80) and 160 kg/hm~2(N160).) were set in this experiment.【Method】In this study, two barley varieties(Kenmaomai 13 and Ganbei 4) were studied by two-factor random block design, and the nitrogen application rates were 0(N0), 40(N40), 80(N80) and 160 kg/hm~2(N160) to analyze the agronomic characters, dry matter yield, nutritional composition of silage raw materials and nitrogen utilization efficiency of silage barley.【Result】The results showed that the agronomic characters, yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency of silage barley were significantly affected by nitrogen application rate. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the plant height and total stem number of the two varieties of silage barley increased significantly, and the stem diameter increased at first and then decreased. The threshold value under different nitrogen application rates was: total stem number > plant height > stem diameter. Increasing nitrogen application decreased the proportion of stems and leaves of Kenpimai13 and increased the proportion of tassels, but had no significant effect on Ganpi 4. With the increase of nitrogen application, the hay yield of Kenpimai13 and Ganpi4 increased significantly, which was the highest under N160 treatment, and compared with N0 treatment, the income was increased by 76.1% and 148.7%. Increasing nitrogen application decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, increased the content of crude protein, and the content of soluble carbohydrate in Kenpimai13. The partial factor productivity of applying N decreased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The agricultural nitrogen utilization efficiency of two varieties was the highest under N80 treatment.【Conclusion】In order to increase nitrogen use efficiency and obtain high yield and good quality barley, 80 kg/hm~2 N is recommended to be applied to silage barley in northern Xinjiang.

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