作 者：
敬婷;罗莉;白富瑾;钱前;孙玉轩;石亚庆;李赞
单 位：
淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室;水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室;西南大学动物科技学院
关键词：
L-苹果酸;湘云鲫;生长性能;体组成;消化酶;抗氧化能力
摘 要：
本试验旨在研究L-苹果酸对湘云鲫生长性能、体组成、消化和抗氧化能力的影响。选取均重为(16.25±0.03)g的湘云鲫450尾,随机分为6组(每组3个重复,每个重复25尾),分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、1、2、4、8和16 g/kg L-苹果酸的试验饲料,试验期90 d。结果表明:饲料中添加L-苹果酸可显著降低饲料pH和系酸力(P<0.05)。饲料中添加L-苹果酸可提高湘云鲫的摄食量和增重率,降低饲料系数,并在添加水平为4 g/kg时达到最佳生长性能。饲料中L-苹果酸添加水平为0~8 g/kg时,全鱼水分含量逐渐下降,粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量逐渐增加,且4和8 g/kg组均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。饲料蛋白质沉积率在4 g/kg组达到最高,脂肪和灰分沉积率则在8 g/kg组最高,并均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。肠道淀粉酶活性在4 g/kg组达到最高,脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶和Na+/K+-ATP酶活性均在8 g/kg组达到最高,并均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。饲料中添加L-苹果酸可提高肝脏超氧化物歧化酶和苹果酸脱氢酶活性,降低丙二醛含量,且上述指标均在4 g/kg组达到最佳值,并与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。由此得出,饲料中适量添加L-苹果酸可促进湘云鲫的生长,降低饲料系数,增加鱼体营养物质沉积,提高消化和抗氧化能力;L-苹果酸在湘云鲫饲料中的适宜添加量为4~8 g/kg。
译 名：
Effects of L-Malic Acid on Growth Performance,Body Composition,Digestion and Antioxidant Capacity of Triploid Cucian Carp(Carassius auratus)
作 者：
JING Ting;LUO Li;BAI Fujin;QIAN Qian;SUN Yuxuan;SHI Yaqin;LI Zan;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development of Ministry of Education,College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University;
关键词：
L-malic acid;;triploid cucian carp(Carassius auratus);;growth performance;;body composition;;digestive enzyme;;antioxidant capacity
摘 要：
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of L-malic acid on growth performance,body composition,digestion and antioxidant capacity of triploid cucian carp(Carassius auratus).A total of 450 triploid cucian carp with an average body weight of(16.24 ± 0.06) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 25 fish in each replicate.The fish in the 6 groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0(control group),1,2,4,8 and 16 g / kg of L-malic acid for 90 d,respectively.The results showed as follows: L-malic acid supplementation could significantly reduce the pH and acidbinding acidity of diets(P < 0.05).L-malic acid supplementation could significantly increase the feed intake(FI) and weight gain rate(WGR) as well as reduce the feed conversation rate(FCR),and the best growth performance was found in the 4 g / kg group.When the supplemental level of L-malic acid was from 0 to 8 g / kg,the moisture content in whole body was gradually reduced,while the crude protein,crude lipid and ash contents were gradually increased,and those indices in the 4 and 8 g / kg groups had significant differences compared with the control group(P < 0.05).The highest dietary protein retention ratio was found in the 4 g / kg group and the highest dietary lipid retention ratio and ash retention ratio were found in the 8 g / kg group,and had significant differences compared with the control group(P < 0.05).The highest amylase activity in intestine was found in the 4 g / kg group and the highest activities of lipase,trypsin and Na+/ K+-ATPase in intestine were found in the 8 g / kg group,and had significant differences compared with the control group(P < 0.05).L-malic acid supplementation could significantly increase the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and maltate dehydrogenase(M DH) and decrease maleic dialdehyde(M DA) content in liver;meanwhile,the best values of them were all found in the 4 g / kg group and had significant differences compared with the control group(P < 0.05).In conclusion,supplementing appropriate amount of L-malic acid can promote the growth,reduce the FCR,increase the body nutrient deposition,and improve the digestion and antioxidant capacity of triploid cucian carp.The optimal supplemental level of L-malic acid in the triploid cucian carp diet is 4 to 8 g / kg.
