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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 麻叶荨麻的化感作用研究 河南农业科学 2017,46 (3) 95-99+117
Position: Home > Articles > The Allelopathic Potential of Urtica cannabina L. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2017,46 (3) 95-99+117

麻叶荨麻的化感作用研究

作  者：
刘瑜;张翔宇;汤界世;胡云霞;韩彩霞;邵华
单  位：
石河子大学;伊犁师范学院;中国科学院
关键词：
麻叶荨麻;化感作用;紫花苜蓿;早熟禾
摘  要：
以双子叶植物紫花苜蓿和单子叶植物早熟禾为受试植物,通过培养皿滤纸法和盆栽法对麻叶荨麻的化感作用进行研究。结果表明,对麻叶荨麻叶分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、水4种不同极性的溶剂以超声法进行提取,得率分别为0.66%、0.84%、2.70%、3.13%。麻叶荨麻叶的甲醇和水提取物对紫花苜蓿幼苗生长具有明显的化感抑制作用,在质量浓度为1.25 g/L时对根长的抑制率最高,分别达到了32.6%和47.0%;而石油醚和乙酸乙酯提取物对紫花苜蓿的生长影响较弱。石油醚和水提取物对早熟禾幼苗生长表现出较弱的化感抑制作用;而乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物的化感作用很强,均在0.01 g/L的低质量浓度时即对幼苗生长产生显著抑制作用,当质量浓度达到1.25 g/L时,乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物对早熟禾根长的抑制率分别达到了44.0%和80.5%,对苗高的抑制率分别达到了41.1%和69.2%。盆栽试验显示,麻叶荨麻根土对紫花苜蓿和早熟禾幼苗的生长有2.4%~5.0%的极轻微促进作用,并未达到统计学意义上的显著水平,提示麻叶荨麻植株中的化感物质在进入土壤之后,可能被微生物分解利用而失去生长抑制活性。
译  名：
The Allelopathic Potential of Urtica cannabina L.
作  者：
LIU Yu;ZHANG Xiangyu;TANG Jieshi;HU Yunxia;HAN Caixia;SHAO Hua;College of Life Science,Shihezi University;Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land/Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Chemistry and Environment Science School of Yili Normal University;
关键词：
Urtica cannabina L.;;allelopathy;;Medicago sativa L.;;Poa annua L.
摘  要：
The allelopathic potential of Urtica cannabina L. was evaluated via petri-dish and pot experiments using alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) and bluegrass(Poa annua L.) separately as dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous receiver plants. Petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,methanol and water were used to extract chemicals by ultrasound from U. cannabina leaves,and yielded 0. 66%,0. 84%,2. 70%,3. 13% extracts,respectively. The methanol and water extracts exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity on Medicago sativa seedlings,which resulted in 32. 6% and 47. 0% reduction in root length,respectively,when the mass concentration was 1. 25 g/L,while petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts only showed weak activities. For Poa annua L.,petroleum ether and water extracts showed relatively weak effects,whereas ethyl acetate and methanol extracts exhibited very strong activities,which significantly suppressed seedling growth starting from the lowest mass concentration 0. 01 g/L; when the mass concentration reached1. 25 g/L,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts inhibited root length of bluegrass by 44. 0% and 80. 5%,and shoot length by 41. 1% and 69. 2%,respectively. Pot experiment revealed that bulk soil of U. cannabina slightly promoted seedling growth of both alfalfa and bluegrass by 2. 4% —5. 0%,which was not statistically significant,implying that the toxic substances in U. cannabina plant might have been degraded and utilized by soil microorganisms and hence lost their inhibitory activity.

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