单 位：
农业部生物防治重点开放实验室 北京100081;中国农业科学院生物防治研究所;农业部生物防治重点开放实验室
关键词：
转Bt基因棉;Bt毒蛋白;棉铃虫;棉蚜;龟纹瓢虫;毒素转移
摘 要：
以常规棉泗棉 3号作为对照 ,采用酶联免疫生测法 (ELISA)和室内生物测定法 ,研究了转Bt基因棉新棉 33B和GK 12不同组织器官中Cry1Ac或Cry1Ab毒蛋白的表达及其向靶标害虫 (棉铃虫 )、非靶标害虫 (棉蚜 )以及天敌 (龟纹瓢虫 )的传递和影响。研究结果表明 ,新棉 33B各组织器官中Bt毒蛋白的表达量较高 ,为 79 7～ 1390 0ng g鲜重 ,GK 12较低为 16 5～ 2 6 4 0ng g鲜重。在花盛期 ,新棉 33B各组织器官中Bt毒蛋白的表达量依次为 :柱头、花药 >子房、花瓣 >群尖 ;而 5～ 7叶期的初展嫩叶、现蕾初期的幼蕾及花铃期的幼铃表达量相当 ,而且与花盛期群尖的表达量没有明显区别。同样处于花盛期的GK 12 ,其各组织器官中Bt毒蛋白的表达量依次为 :花药 >柱头 >花瓣 >群尖 >子房 ;而 5～ 7叶期的初展嫩叶、现蕾初期的幼蕾及花铃期的幼铃表达量相当 ,而且与花盛期群尖的表达量没有明显差异。常规对照棉的幼铃、花药、柱头以及子房中痕量Bt毒蛋白的存在可能与传粉昆虫等的活动有关。在转Bt基因棉田采集的棉蚜和棉铃虫老龄幼虫 ,其体内均可检测到Bt毒蛋白 ;在新棉33B棉田采集的龟纹瓢虫幼虫和成虫体内也可检测出Bt毒素。当以Bt棉田的棉蚜饲喂龟纹瓢虫时 ,龟纹瓢虫的生长发育、存活以及繁殖等基本没有受到影响。
译 名：
Expression of Bt toxin in transgenic Bt cotton and its transmission through pests Helicoverpa armigera and Aphis gossypii to natural enemy Propylaea japonica in cotton plots
作 者：
ZHANG Gui-Fen, WAN Fang-Hao~*, GUO Jian-Ying, HOU Mao-Lin (Institute of Biological Control, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biological Control, MOA, Beijing 100081, China)
关键词：
Transgenic Bt cotton; Bt toxin;Helicoverpa armigera; Aphis gossypii; Propylaea japonica; toxin transmission
摘 要：
The expression of Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab toxin in transgenic Bt cotton lines (NUCOTN 33B and GK-12) was detected; its transmission to the target pest insect, cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), the non-target pest, cotton aphis Aphis gossypii Glover, and the ladybird Propylaea japonica (Thunberg) was measured; and its effects on the ladybird were evaluated with the traditional cotton line, Simian 3 (the isogenic non-transformed line of GK-12) as the control, in cotton plots in Nanpi, Hebei, in 2002. The amounts of expressed Bt toxin in organs of transgenic Bt cotton NUCOTN 33B were higher (79.7-1 390.0 ng/g fresh weight) than those in GK-12 (16.5-264.0 ng/g fresh weight). During the blooming period of NUCOTN 33B plants, the order of Bt toxin content was as follows: stigma, anther > ovary, petal > grouped tender tip; the Bt toxin concentrations were similar as well as equal to those in grouped tender tip, when the newly development tender leaf of 5-7 leaf stage, the young square of early squaring period and the young boll of blooming period of NUCOTN 33B plants were tested. And during the blooming period of GK-12 plants, the order of Bt toxin concentration was as follows: anther > stigma > petal > grouped tender tip > ovary; the Bt toxin concentrations were similar and equal to those in grouped tender tip, when the newly development tender leaf of 5-7 leaf stage, the young square of early squaring period and the young boll of blooming period of GK-12 plants were detected. Moreover, the detection of trace amounts of Bt toxin in young boll, anther, stigma and ovary of the control cotton line, Simian 3, might be related to pollinators. In GK-12 and NUCOTN 33B cotton plots, Bt toxin could be transmitted to cotton aphis and cotton bollworm elder larvae. In the body of P. japonica larvae and adults, trace amounts of Bt toxin were detected only in those collected from NUCOTN 33B cotton plot. In addition, when P. japonica fed on cotton aphis collected from the transgenic Bt cotton plots, the development and survival from hatching to emerging as well as the reproductive ability of the ladybird were not significantly different with those of the control.
