作 者：
杨建平;王笑笑;李新锋;段海涛;李梦云;姚国佳
关键词：
复合植物精油;蛋鸡;生产性能;蛋品质;盲肠菌群结构
摘 要：
本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加复合植物精油(八角茴香精油和百里香精油)对58周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和肠道菌群结构的影响。选用产蛋率和体重相近的58周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡360只,随机分为对照组和试验组2个组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg复合植物精油。试验期49 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡的产蛋率显著升高(P<0.05),料蛋比和破蛋率显著降低(P<0.05),平均日采食量和死淘率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡的蛋黄色泽、蛋白重量显著升高(P<0.05),其他蛋品质指标差异无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验组的Shannon指数显著降低(P<0.05),Chao1指数、ACE指数和Simpson指数无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)在门水平上,2组盲肠菌群主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。与对照组相比,试验组拟杆菌门的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),厚壁菌门和梭杆菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。5)在属水平上,与对照组相比,试验组的拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和unidentified_Ruminococcaceae的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),梭形杆菌属(Fusobacterium)、瘤胃球菌科_UCG-005属(Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005)、厌氧球菌属(Anaerotruncus)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),瘤胃球菌科_UCG-014属(Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014)和克里斯滕森菌科_R-7族群(Christensenellaceae_R-7_group)的相对丰度有降低趋势(P=0. 060)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加150 mg/kg复合植物精油能够改善58周龄海兰褐蛋鸡的生产性能,加深蛋黄颜色,提高盲肠拟杆菌门的相对丰度,降低盲肠厚壁菌门和梭杆菌门的相对丰度,改善盲肠肠道菌群结构。
译 名：
Effects of Compound Plant Essential Oils on Performance,Egg Quality and Cecal Microflora of 58-Week-Old Hy-Line Brown Laying Hens
作 者：
YANG Jianping;WANG Xiaoxiao;LI Xinfeng;DUAN Haitao;LI Mengyun;YAO Guojia;College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy;Feed Resources Development and Safety Evaluation Engineering Research Center of Henan Province;
关键词：
compound plant essential oils;;laying hens;;performance;;egg quality;;cecal microflora structure
摘 要：
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound plant essential oils(Illicium verum essential oil and thymus mongolicus essential oils)on performance,egg quality and cecal microflora of 58-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens. A total of 360 fifty-eight-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens with similar laying rate and body weight were randomly allocated to 2 groups(control group and experimental group)with 6 replicates per group and 30 hens per replicate. The control group was fed a basic diet,and the experimental group was fed the basic diet+150 mg/kg compound plant essential oils. The experiment lasted for49 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the laying rate of experiment group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the ratio of feed to egg and broken egg rate were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the average daily feed intake and mortality had no significant difference(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the yolk color and albumen weight of experiment group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the other egg quality indexes had no significant difference(P>0.05). 3)Compared with the control group,the Shannon index of experiment group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the Chao1 index,ACE index and Simpson index had no significant difference(P>0.05). 4)At the phylum level,the main cecal microflora of two groups were Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Fusobacteria,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes of experiment group was significantly increased(P < 0. 05),while the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were significantly decreased(P<0.05). 5)At the genus level,compared with the control group,the relative abundances of Bacteroides and unidentified_Ruminococcaceae were significantly increased(P<0.05),the relative abundances of Fusobacterium,Ruminococcaceae _ UCG-005 and Anaerotruncus were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group were showed a decline trend(P = 0.060). In conclusion,under the condition of this experiment,dietary supplemented 150 mg/kg compound plant essential oils can improve the performance,deepen the yolk color of58-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens,and increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,decrease the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria,improve the cecal microflora structure.
