关键词：
黄金梨;氨基酸钙;IAA;EGTA;光合特性;品质
摘 要：
研究采前喷钙对黄金梨叶片光合荧光、果肉钙营养元素周期动态变化以及品质的影响,为黄金梨合理补充钙素营养提供理论依据。以13年生黄金梨为试材,从花后两周左右开始,每隔7 d在选取的黄金梨果树上喷施钙肥,试验设4个处理分别为(1)喷施0.5%氨基酸钙溶液;(2)喷施0.5%氨基酸钙溶液+20 mg/L IAA;(3)0.5%氨基酸钙溶液+20 mg/L EGTA;(4)清水对照(CK)。结果表明,喷钙处理提高了果肉的总钙含量,IAA能够促进果实对钙的吸收,在果实成熟期,喷施氨基酸钙和氨基酸钙配施IAA的处理的果肉钙含量分别增加了8.6%、20.7%。喷氨基酸钙和钙配施IAA处理均显著提高了叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)及气孔导度(Gs),使光系统II维持较高的活性,PSII实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、PSII的天线转换效率(Fv’/Fm’)、PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)显著高于对照,添加抑制剂EGTA明显抑制了光合作用。喷钙处理的果实单果重、硬度、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、Vc含量均高于对照,添加IAA处理效果明显,分别比对照提高了5.1%、12.7%,11.8%,6.5%,24.2%,同时显著降低了可滴定酸含量,而添加EGTA的果实品质明显降低。因此,幼果期喷施氨基酸钙能够为黄金梨果实补充钙素营养,显著提升叶片的光和性能,并达到了改善果实品质的目的。钙、IAA配施优于单施钙处理。
译 名：
Effect of Spraying Amino Acid-Ca on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Calcium Content and Quality of ‘Whangkeumbae'Pear
作 者：
ZHOU Jun;XIAO Wei;CHEN Xiu-de;GAO Dong-sheng;LI Ling;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biolog,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency;
单 位：
ZHOU Jun%XIAO Wei%CHEN Xiu-de%GAO Dong-sheng%LI Ling%College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biolog,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency
关键词：
‘Whangkeumbae' pear;;amino acid-Ca;;IAA;;EGTA;;photosynthetic characteristics;;quality
摘 要：
The effects of pre-harvest calcium spray on the photosynthetic fluorescence of leaves, the dynamic changes of calcium nutrient elements in fruit flesh and the quality of ‘Whangkeumbae' pear were studied, these provided theoretical basis for the reasonable supplement of calcium nutrients to ‘Whangkeumbae' pear. The experimental material was 13 years old ‘Whangkeumbae' pear tree. Calcium fertilizer was sprayed on selected ‘Whangkeumbae' pear fruit trees every 7 days two weeks after florescence. Four treatments were carried out in a field experiment:(1) spray 0.5% Amino acid-Ca solution,(2)spray 0.5% Amino acid-Ca solution+ 20 mg/L IAA,(3) spray 0.5% Amino acid-Ca solution+ 20 mg/L EGTA,(4) spray water.The results showed that, spraying calcium treatment increased the total calcium content of the flesh, IAA can promote the absorption of calcium by fruits. In fruit mature period, the calcium content of flesh treated by Amino acid-Ca solution and Amino acid-Ca+ IAA solution increased by 8.6%, 20.7%. The photosynthetic parameters(Pn, Tr, Gs), ΦPSII, q P,Fv'/Fm'and Fv/Fm in the ‘Whangkeumbae' pear leaves pretreated with Amino acid-Ca solution and Amino acid-Ca+ IAA solution were much higher than that of the control, EGTA pretreatments significantly inhibited the photosythesis. With the increase of calcium application, the average single fruit weight, fruit firmness, content of soluble solids, content of soluble sugars and content of Vc of nectarine fruit under protected culture were significantly increased. The effect of adding IAA is obvious, and are improved by 5.1%, 12.7%, 11.8%, 6.5%, 24.2% higher than those with the control, and reduces titratable acid significantly. The fruit quality was significantly decreased by adding EGTA. Therefore, spraying calcium in young fruit stage can supply calcium nutrition to ‘Whangkeumbae' pear, significantly improve the photosynthetic characteristics and achieve the purpose of improving the quality of fruit. The combined application of Amino acid-Ca and IAA is better than single calcium treatment.
