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Position: Home > Articles > STUDY ON THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER OF WILD AND CULTIVATED PEARS (Pyrus SP. ) IN CHINA Acta Horticulturae Sinica 1985 (3) 155-158+217

我国野生梨和栽培品种染色体数目观察

作  者:
蒲富慎;黄礼森;孙秉均;李树玲
单  位:
中国农科院果树研究所
摘  要:
用去壁低渗法观察了梨5个野生种的11个类型,4个栽培种的210个品种和21个新品种(系)的染色体数目。发现野生种的木梨也有三倍体类型。原产我国的秋子梨、白梨、砂梨和新疆梨与原产欧州、日本的西洋梨、砂梨品种一样都分别有自己的多倍体,占研究材料总数的5.2%。白梨类古老品种鸭梨的多倍性,依来源和类型而异。晋县大鸭梨的四倍体和赵县、怀来大鸭梨2x、4x嵌合体,其大果性状都能遗传,可以作为梨树育种的大果型种质材料。
译  名:
STUDY ON THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER OF WILD AND CULTIVATED PEARS (Pyrus SP. ) IN CHINA
作  者:
Pu Fushen Huang Lisen Sun Binjuin Li Sulin ( Institute of Pomology Chines Academy of Agricultural Sciences )
摘  要:
The chromosome number of 11 forms belonging to 5 wild species, 210 cultivars and 21 new-bred cultivars ( or strains ) belonging to 4 cul-tivated species of pear in China was studied by wall degradation, hypo-tonic treatment. A triploid was found in Mu-Li, one form of the wild species P. xerophila poliploids which account for 5.2% of the total studi-ed, exists respectively in Pyrus ussuriensis, P. bretschneideri, P. Pyrifolia and P. sinkiangensis originated in China as well as in P. communis and P. Pyrifolia originated respectivly in Europe and Japan. The ploidy of Ya-Li, an old cultivars of P. bretschneideri is varied depending on its origin and form. The tetraploid of Gin-Xian Da-Ya-Li and the 2-4 chi-mera of Chao-Xian and Hwei-Lei Da-Ya-Li are large in fruit size whi-ch would be good gens sources for large-fruited trait in pear breeding.

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