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Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Forage on Rumen Development in Young Ruminants and Its Mechanisms Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition 2018 (4) 1245-1252

粗饲料对幼龄反刍动物瘤胃发育的影响及其作用机制

作  者:
解彪;张乃锋;张春香;刁其玉
单  位:
山西农业大学动物科技学院;中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室
关键词:
幼龄反刍动物;粗饲料;瘤胃;调控;机制
摘  要:
幼龄反刍动物瘤胃具有结构和功能不完善、微生物区系不健全等特点,出生后的前几个月瘤胃结构和功能发生了巨大的变化,并且幼龄阶段瘤胃结构和功能的发育程度直接影响到成年反刍动物的生产性能。研究发现仅饲喂精饲料容易引起幼畜瘤胃液pH降低、瘤胃乳头凝集和角化不全等症状,而补饲粗饲料明显提高了瘤胃液pH、促进了瘤胃肌肉层的发育及维持了瘤胃壁健康。本文综述了近年来关于粗饲料来源、水平和颗粒大小等对幼龄反刍动物瘤胃组织形态、微生物区系、发酵参数及瘤胃上皮物质吸收和转运功能的影响,并对其可能的机制进行阐述,以期为粗饲料在幼龄反刍动物饲粮中的应用研究提供参考。
译  名:
Effects of Forage on Rumen Development in Young Ruminants and Its Mechanisms
作  者:
XIE Biao;ZHANG Naifeng;ZHANG Chunxiang;DIAO Qiyu;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture,Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;College of Animal Science and Technology,Shanxi Agricultural University;
关键词:
young ruminant;;forage;;rumen;;regulation;;mechanism
摘  要:
The rumen of young ruminants is non-functional with un-complete structure,and its microbiota has not yet been established.Structure and function of rumen undergo great changes in the first fewmonths after birth.Meanwhile,functional rumen is vital to promote performance in adult life.Recent studies have shown that feeding young ruminants with only concentrate feeds reduced rumen fluid p H and caused ruminal papillae clumping and hyperkeratinization.However,supplemented feeding forage early in life can increase rumen fluid p H,stimulate the development of muscular layer of the rumen,and maintain healthiness of the rumen wall.This paper mainly reviewed effects of source,level and particle size of forage on regulating ruminal structure and morphology,microbiota,fermentation parameters and epithelium function of adsorption and transportation,and the potential mechanisms were also reviewed,aiming to provide references for the application of forage in feed of young ruminants.

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