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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 126例维持性血液透析患者膳食调查 中国食物与营养 2017,23 (10) 81-85
Position: Home > Articles > Dietary Investigation on 126 Maintenance Hemdialysis Patients Food and Nutrition in China 2017,23 (10) 81-85

126例维持性血液透析患者膳食调查

作  者：
乔德丽;山岚;冯景;凌莹
关键词：
膳食调查;维持性血液透析;饮食评价
摘  要：
目的:通过膳食调查了解维持性血液透析患者饮食结构和膳食摄入量,评估各膳食营养素摄入量对血液透析患者营养需求的满足程度,为合理营养干预提供依据。方法:本课题以我国慢性肾脏病蛋白营养治疗共识(2005)及欧洲肠外肠内营养学会(ESPEN)的膳食指南为推荐量,采用24h膳食回顾法调查血透患者连续3d膳食摄入情况,分析食物来源和饮食结构,评价每日食物及每日营养素摄入量,比较各营养素摄入量与推荐量的差异性。结果:根据食物分类,血透患者日均摄入量排在前三位分别是蔬菜类(247.5g,占34%)、谷类(209g,占28.7%)和水果类(71.5g,占9.8%),排在末三位分别是鱼类、豆类、蛋类(13.7g,占1.9%;22.2g,占3.0%;27.6g,占3.9%);动物性食物是蛋白质摄入的主要食物来源(占62%),植物性食物是钙、铁摄入的主要食物来源(占53%和69%);与推荐量相比,血透患者除了维生素E和钠的摄入量大于推荐量外,日均总热卡和三大产热营养素(蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物)摄入量低于推荐量;部分维生素(维生素C、维生素B1、B2、B6)和部分矿物质(锌、硒、铁等)摄入量低于推荐量(P<0.05)。结论:血透患者普遍存在膳食摄入不足的问题,大部分膳食营养素摄入量不能满足血透患者营养需求,建议加强饮食指导和营养支持。
译  名：
Dietary Investigation on 126 Maintenance Hemdialysis Patients
作  者：
QIAO De-li;SHAN Lan;FENG Jing;LING Ying;Department of Nutrition,Yangpu Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine;
单  位：
Department of Nutrition,Yangpu Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine
关键词：
dietary investigation;;maintenance hemdialysis;;dietary assessment
摘  要：
Objective To investigate into the dietary uptake and its components in patients with maintenance hemodialysis and evaluate the nutritional status for each element demanding,and therefore providing reasonable basis for clinical nutritional intervention. Method 24-hour dietary review was adopted. The dietary uptake was continuously investigated for three days. The resources of food and dietary components were analyzed,and daily amounts of food uptake and each nutritional element were measured. The actual uptake amount was compared with those recommended. Result Vegetables,grains and fruits were the first three daily uptake in maintenance hemodialysis patients; fish,beans,and eggs were the last three daily uptake. Animal foods were the main resources of protein and vegetative foods were the main resources of iron and calcium. Compared with the recommended demands,daily uptake of total caloric,protein,fat,and hydrocarbonate was lower except for Vitamin E and Natrium. Hydrophilic vitamins( including Vitamin C and Vitamin B group) and some mineral materials were also lower than those of recommended( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The dietary uptake insufficiency is common in maintenance hemodialysis patient. The nutritional elements in most diets are insufficient,and cannot meet the need for hemodialysis patients. So the dietary guidance and nutritional support are advised.

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