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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 外来物种红耳龟在中国野外分布现状及扩散路径研究 野生动物学报 2018 (2) 373-378
Position: Home > Articles > Extent and Mechanisms of the Increasing Geographic Distribution of the Alien Red-Eared Slider( Trachemys scripta elegans) in China Chinese Journal of Wildlife 2018 (2) 373-378

外来物种红耳龟在中国野外分布现状及扩散路径研究

作  者：
龚世平;杨江波;葛研;Daniel Gaillard
关键词：
红耳龟;生物入侵;分布;扩散路径;宗教放生;中国
摘  要：
红耳龟是世界上最危险的100个入侵物种之一,该种目前已在中国野外普遍存在,并呈不断蔓延态势。本文采用文献调研、野外调查和访问调查等相结合的方法,研究了红耳龟在中国野外分布现状及扩散路径。研究结果表明,红耳龟在全国34个省级行政区均有野外记录,分布点多达265个;其中广东、台湾、海南、浙江、江苏、福建、湖北的分布点较多,达151个,占57.0%;辽宁、上海、山东、云南、河南、湖南、北京的分布点数量中等,共有56个,占21.1%;其余省区分布点较少,共有58个,占21.9%;分布点最多的省为广东(46个),最少的为西藏、甘肃、山西(各1个);全国主要水系、多数湖泊及部分自然保护区均有分布。红耳龟由原产地通过国际贸易被引入中国,随后在东南部省份实现大规模人工繁殖,再通过普遍存在的放生活动进入中国野外环境。红耳龟在中国大范围扩散主要通过庞大的贸易网络,贸易路径即是主要扩散路径,发达的贸易路径使得该种能够快速扩散、广泛分布,形成严峻的入侵态势。本文在分析和探讨红耳龟野外分布现状、扩散路径及形成原因的基础上提出了相关防控建议。
译  名：
Extent and Mechanisms of the Increasing Geographic Distribution of the Alien Red-Eared Slider( Trachemys scripta elegans) in China
作  者：
Gong Shiping;Yang Jiangbo;Ge Yan;Daniel Gaillard;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources;School of Life Sciences of Peking University;
单  位：
Gong Shiping%Yang Jiangbo%Ge Yan%Daniel Gaillard%Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources%School of Life Sciences of Peking University
关键词：
Trachemys scripta elegans;;Biological invasion;;Distribution;;Diffusion pathway;;Religious release;;China
摘  要：
The red-eared slider( Trachemys scripta elegans), one of the world's top 100 most invasive alien species, has a widespread distribution in China, and continues to spread. We studied the extent, and mechanisms of its increasing geograhic distribution in China by literature review,field study, and interview survey. The results showed that red-eared sliders have been recorded in the wild in all 34 provincial-level administrative regions at 265 locations. Guangdong, Taiwan,Hainan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian and Hubei had 151 distribution points, accounting for 57 % of all records. Liaoning, Shanghai, Shandong, Yunnan, Henan, Hunan and Beijing had 56 distribution points, accounting for 21. 1 % of all records. The remaining 20 provinces had a total of 58 distribution points, accounting for 21. 9 % of all records. The locations of record in Guangdong Province were most numerous( 46), and the those in Tibet, Gansu and Shanxi were least numerous( 1 each). Red-eared sliders were recorded in main water systems, lakes and some nature reserves in China. The red-eared slider was introduced to China through the international pet trade and this was followed by large-scale captive breeding in China's southeastern provinces. Ultimately, the species entered China's urban and rural habitats through the widespread release of sliders sold in pet and food markets. The massive turtle trade routes are the main diffusion pathways of red-eared sliders throughout China. The developed trade routes have caused this species to spread quickly, become widely distributed, and become a severe invasive threat to native habitats. In this report, we offer recommendations for effective control and prevention of future redeared slider invasions.

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