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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 应用反演式气体扩散模型测定奶牛养殖场氨排放特征研究 河北农业大学学报 2016,39 (4) 25-30
Position: Home > Articles > Determination of ammonia emissions from dairy feedlot using an inverse dispersion technique Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei 2016,39 (4) 25-30

应用反演式气体扩散模型测定奶牛养殖场氨排放特征研究

作  者：
杨园园;王雪君;刘春敬;廖文华;高志岭;谢芹;马文奇
单  位：
河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院
关键词：
氨气;奶牛;反演式气体扩散模型;排放特征;排放强度
摘  要：
本研究采用反演式气体扩散技术与开路激光测定装置相结合的研究方法,测定了集约化奶牛养殖场(产奶量接近我国平均水平)的季节氨排放,旨在研究奶牛养殖过程中氨排放的日排放特征、季节排放特征及排放强度。结果表明:奶牛养殖场氨的日排放规律表现出中午高、夜间低的特征,该特征是由风速和温度的复合影响所致。不同季节的氨气日排放速率范围为119.5~191.0g/(head·d)(变异系数为19%),其中以冬季最低,夏季和春季最高,因此温度的季节性差异是主要原因。各季节氨气排放速率平均为160.9g/(head·d),相应的年排放因子为58.7kg/(head·年),其氨氮(NH3-N)损失占饲料氮素的34.5%,排放强度(生产1t标准牛乳的氨气排放量)为17.1kg。在未来还应加强开放型奶牛场N循环对饲料氮素的损失系数及其排放强度的影响的研究。
译  名：
Determination of ammonia emissions from dairy feedlot using an inverse dispersion technique
作  者：
YANG Yuan-yuan;WANG Xue-jun;LIU Chun-jing;LIAO Wen-hua;GAO Zhi-ling;XIE Qin;MA Wen-qi;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Agricultural University of Hebei;
关键词：
ammonia;;dairy;;inverse dispersion technique;;emission pattern;;ammonia emission intensity
摘  要：
In order to reveal the diel and seasonal variations of ammonia emissions as well as the ammonia emission intensity on the basis of dairy milk production,this study examined NH3 emission rates of a dairy feedlot with a milk production similar to the average production of China's dairy industry in four different seasons,which were measured using the inverse dispersion technique in combination with open-path tunable diode lasers.Results indicated that ammonia emissions from the dairy feedlot were characterized by a distinctive diel pattern with high emission rates during the middle of the day and low rates during the night,which was determined by both the diel variation in wind speed and air temperature.Daily emission rates in different seasons varied from 119.5to 191.0(head·d)with a variation coefficient of approximately 19%,where the lowest rate occurred in winter and the highest rate occurred in spring and summer,which were mainly determined by the seasonal difference of temperature.The av-erage daily emission rate of four seasons was 160.9g/(head·d),corresponding to an annual emission factor of about 58.7kg/(head·year),which accounted for about 34.5% of the total feed nitrogen input.Producing 1ton of fat and protein correct milk emitted 17 kg ammonia.Our results suggested that future studies should focus on nitrogen cycling within cattle feedlots and the impact of animal stocking density.

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