单 位：
中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所;东北农业大学资源与环境学院;东北大学理学院
关键词：
分子标记物;DNA加合物;RAPD技术;AFLP技术;单细胞凝胶电泳;RT-PCR
摘 要：
DNA分子标记是DNA分子碱基序列变异的直接反映,利用分子标记物对污染物造成的生物体DNA损伤的检测和定量分析研究是可行的方法。文章主要综述了DNA加合物技术、随机扩增DNA多态性技术(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性技术(AFLP)、单细胞凝胶电泳技术(SCGE)及反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)的原理及其在环境污染物检测中的应用。该方法具有快速、简便、特异性强的特点,在环境污染物早期诊断和评价方面具有重要意义,已广泛应用于遗传毒理学研究。
译 名：
Applications of molecular marker techniques in monitoring environmental pollutants
作 者：
XIE Lijing1,2,LIU Wan2,LI Shuqin1,LI Peijun2,CHEN Jing3(1.Resources and Environmental Sciences College,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China; 2.Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China; 3.College of Science,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110016,China)
关键词：
molecular marker;DNA adduct;RAPD;AFLP;SCGE;RT-PCR
摘 要：
Molecular marker is a kind of technique for showing basal mutation in DNA directly,the molecu-lar markers are the most effective methods for monitoring and analyzing these damaged DNA induced by pollu-tants quantitatively.In this review,the measuring methods and applications of five typical molecular marker tech-niques in monitoring environmental pollutants were discussed emphatically,including DNA adducts,Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA(RAPD),Amplication Fragment Length Polymorphism(AFLP),Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay(SCGE) and Reverse Transcriptase PCR(RT-PCR).Molecular marker technique has the characters of rapid,simple and a strong peculiarity and also has a further meaning for the early diagnosis and assessment of environmental pollutants,so it has been widely used in the genotoxicity study.
