单 位：
兰州大学草地农业科技学院甘肃草原生态研究所
关键词：
食物;粮食;食物安全;草地农业;系统耦合
摘 要：
食物、食物链、食物网以及由此构成的营养级组成“食物系统”。在农业生态系统中,食物系统既是能的载体也是能的流程,它将能异化为社会产品———食物。食物的生产和消费过程决定性地作用于农业生态系统的结构和功能。我国对食物=粮食=谷物的传统概念,形成畸形的食物结构。畸形的食物结构又导致畸形的农业结构,两者互为因果,酿成我国农业所面临的艰难处境。其性质属悖离生态系统基本规律的“系统相悖”,非枝节措施所能解决。解决粮食安全问题,不能离开食物系统的全面开发和农业生态系统的全面改造。草地农业系统是食物生产与生态建设兼顾的生态农业系统。它的4个生产层,即前植物生产层、植物生产层、动物生产层和后生物生产层的全面开发建设,适应我国人民食物成分中动物性食物的成倍增长,谷物需求大幅度下降的趋势,并从多方面节约农业资源,提高农业综合生产能力。实行草地农业,预期可以新增土地资源0.79亿hm2农田当量,可满足我国食物中长期规划7亿t食物当量的目标,其中2亿t口粮和5亿t非口粮。农民增收为目前的1.15倍。
译 名：
Taking the grassland agro-system to insure food security
作 者：
REN Ji-zhou,NAN Zhi-biao,LIN Hui-long (College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University; Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute, Lanzhou 730020,China)
关键词：
food;food grain;food security;the grassland agro-system;system coupling
摘 要：
Food, food chains, food-webs and trophic levels consist of a system, termed the “food system”. In agricultural eco-systems, the food system is not only the carrier of energy, but also a flow passageway of energy. It can transform various types of energy into social production such as food. The structure and function of an agricultural eco-system is finally decided by the food produced and the food consumed process. The malformation of food construction was formed because there is a traditional notion in China that food=foodstuff=grain. The malformation food construction leads to the malformation of agriculture construction which assumes grain as the key link, resulting in a cause and affect of one another. This results in China’s agriculture being placed in an awkward predicament. The malformation characters were kinds of deviation of ecological laws, namely system discordance, these problems can be solved by reforming agriculture construction. To insure food security the exploitations of food system and alterations of agriculture ecological system must be launched into. A grassland agro-ecosystem is a major part of eco-agriculture which fits the tendencies that animal food demand is increasing whilst grain ration consumption is decreasing. There are four production levels: a) Pro-plant production level; b) Plant production level; c) Animal production level and, d) Post-biological production level. According to its basic structure it has been realized that grassland agro-ecosystem is not only a simple combination of grain agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, but also an agro-ecosystem featured by multi-industry, multi-level and technique-intensive. According to anticipation, the grassland agro-system can save 79 millions hectare Farmland Equivalent Unit, improving product level and satisfying demand for 7 hundred million ton Food Equivalent Units, including 2 hundred million ton Food Equivalent Units grain ration and 5 hundred million ton Food Equivalent Units anti-grain ration in 2020, in addition farmer’s income will be 1.15 times than that of present.
