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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 瓜尔豆胶作为饲料添加剂在推水养殖模式下氮磷收支 中国饲料 2019 (3) 77-82
Position: Home > Articles > Budget of nitrogen and phosphorus of guar gum as a feed additive under the water-pushing aquaculture mode China Feed 2019 (3) 77-82

瓜尔豆胶作为饲料添加剂在推水养殖模式下氮磷收支

作  者：
沈钦一;陈燕;赵琳;黄文;李森
单  位：
北京市水产技术推广站
关键词：
瓜尔豆胶;氮磷收支;肠道切片
摘  要：
本试验旨在研究对比添加0.3%的瓜尔豆胶饲料(DJ)及普通饲料(PT)在推水养殖模式下的氮磷收支和养殖效果。试验期为120 d。结果表明,在推水养殖模式下,两种饲料对鱼类生长均无显著影响。且添加瓜尔豆胶还能减少氮磷排放量,减轻对养殖水体的污染。对比两个池塘,在氮磷输入方面,饲料是主要来源,PT输入氮286.88 kg、输入磷74.25 kg,分别占总输入的76.0%、88%;DJ输入氮290.94 kg、输入磷86.41 kg,分别占总输入的74%、88%。PT通过鱼输入氮87.0 kg、输入磷8.38 kg,分别占总输入的23%、10%;DJ通过鱼输出氮96.8 kg、输入磷7.36 kg,分别占总输入的25%、8%。而在氮磷输出方面,PT吸排污输出氮141.5 kg、输出磷47.35 kg,分别占总输出的40%和60%。DJ吸排污输出氮189.57 kg、输出磷63.13 kg,分别占总输出的60%和76%,在吸排污方面,两组之间差异显著(P <0.05)。可以看出添加瓜尔豆胶后会明显改善饲料及肠道排泄物在水中的稳定性,降低对环境的污染。试验结束后通过肠道切片观察养殖周期投喂饲料对肠道组织是否有影响。通过观察饲料对肠道的损伤情况,可以看出,喂食两种饲料的鱼肠道均呈现完好状态,前肠绒毛形状完整,整齐地伸入肠腔内,未发现绒毛破损、肿胀、脱落、表皮细胞水肿充血等症状。
译  名：
Budget of nitrogen and phosphorus of guar gum as a feed additive under the water-pushing aquaculture mode
作  者：
SHEN Qinyi;CHEN Yan;ZHAO Lin;HUANG Wen;LI Sen;Aquaculture technology extending stations of Beijing;Beijing institute of technology;
单  位：
SHEN Qinyi%CHEN Yan%ZHAO Lin%HUANG Wen%LI Sen%Aquaculture technology extending stations of Beijing%Beijing institute of technology
关键词：
guar gum;;nitrogen and phosphorus balance;;intestinal biopsies
摘  要：
The purpose of this experiment was to study and compare the effects of addition of 0.3% guar gum feed(DJ) and common feed(PT) on nitrogen and phosphorus budgets and cultures under the aquaculture mode.The test period lasted for 120 d.The results showed that both feeds had no significant effect on fish growth under the aquaculture mode.And adding guar gum could also reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions and alleviate pollution to aquaculture waters.For the two ponds,feed was the main source of N and P input.PT input nitrogen 286.88 kg and input phosphorus 74.25 kg accounted for 76% and 88% of the total input respectively; DJ input nitrogen 290.94 kg and input phosphorus 86.41 kg accounted for 74% and 88% of the total input respectively.PT input nitrogen 87.0 kg and input phosphorus 8.38 kg,which account for 23% and 10% of the total input,and DJ through fish output nitrogen 96.8 kg and input phosphorus 7.36 kg,respectively,accounting for 25%and 8% of the total input.On the aspect of nitrogen and phosphorus output,the PT output nitrogen 141.5 kg and output phosphorus 47.35 kg account for 40% and 60% of the total output respectively.DJ nitrogen and 189.57 kg output and output phosphorus 63.13 kg accounted for 60% and 76% of the total output respectively.The difference between the two groups was significant(P < 0.05).It can be seen that the addition of guar gum will significantly improve the stability of the feed and intestinal excrement in the water and reduce the environmental pollution.After completion of the experiment,intestinal sections were used to observe whether the feeding in the culture cycle had influence on the intestinal tissue.By observing the damage of the feed to the intestine,it can be seen that the fish intestines fed with both feeds are intact,without intestinal epithelial damage,intestinal villi damage,swelling,epidermal cell edema and congestion and other symptoms.The difference between the two groups was small,and there was no significant difference in intestinal lesions between the two groups(P > 0.05).

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